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MEE 312 Test 1 Cards

TermDefinition
allotropy The characteristic of a material being able to exist in more than one crystal structure.
amorphous Materials that have no long-range order (only short range order).
anisotropic Having different properties in different directions.
binding energy The energy required to separate two atoms an infinite distance apart.
bravais lattice The fourteen possible lattices that can be created using lattice points, examples of some Bravais lattices include, HCP, BCC and FCC.
close-packed directions Directions in a crystal along which atoms are in contact.
coefficient of thermal expansion The amount by which a material changes its dimensions when the temperature changes.
coordination number The number of nearest neighbors to an atom in its atomic arrangement.
covalent bond A very strong type of primary bond formed between two atoms when the atoms share their valence electrons.
crystal structure The arrangement of atoms in a material into a repeatable lattice.
directions of form Crystallographic directions that have the same characteristics, although their sense is different; generic directions.
ductility The ability of a material to be permanently deformed without breaking.
glass ceramics Ceramics shapes formed in the glassy state and allowed to partially crystallize during heat treatment, an example of a glass ceramic is corning ware.
grain A portion of solid material within which the lattice is identical and is oriented in only one direction.
ionic bond The bond formed between two different atoms when one atom donates its valence electrons to the second atom and the two ions are held together by Columbic (strong electrostatic attraction).
isotropic Having the same properties in all directions.
lattice A collection of points that divide space into smaller equally sized segments; the regular geometrical arrangements of points in crystal space.
mechanical properties Properties of a material that describe a material’s response to an applied force.
metallic bond A type of primary atomic bond where positively charged atom cores are held together by the mutually electrostatic attraction to the negatively charged electron cloud or sea of electrons.
modulus of elasticity Young’s modulus:, slope of the stress strain curve in the linear or elastic region.
packing factor The fraction of space occupied by the atoms.
physical properties Describe a materials response to an applied field.
planes of form Crystallographic planes that have the same characteristic although their orientation is different, denoted by { }, generic planes.
polymorphism Allotropy or being able to exist in more than one crystal structure.
repeat distance The distance from one lattice point to an adjacent lattice point along a specific direction.
secondary bond Relatively weak bonds, such as Van der Waals and hydrogen bonds, that typically join molecules to one another.
thermoplastic A type of polymer that can be heated and reformed multiple times, generally has good ductility but lower strength then a thermoset.
thermoset A polymer with a three-dimensional network structure that cannot be heated and reformed, generally more brittle, but stronger than a thermoplastic.
unit cell A subdivision of the lattice that still retains the overall characteristics of the entire lattice; the basic building block of a crystalline material.
valence The number of electrons in an atom that take place in bonding or chemical reactions.
Van der Waals bond A type of secondary bond caused by a weak electrostatic attraction between polar molecules.
Created by: flyerbud
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