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Janssen-Digestive
Mrs. Janssen's Digestive System Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is another name for the gastrointestinal tract? | alimentary canal |
| What is the amount of heat produced by the body at rest? | basal metabolic rate |
| What is the fluid that is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder? | bile |
| What group of compounds is the main source of energy for the body? | carbohydrates |
| What metabolic process produces ATP? | cellular respiration |
| What is the name for the partially digested food in the stomach that gets deposited into the small intestine? | chyme |
| What is the medical term for the elimination of waste from the large intestine? | defecation |
| What is the process of breaking down foods both chemically and mechanically? | digestion |
| What is the passageway for food that connects the mouth and the stomach? | esophagus |
| What is the name for the waste material that is expelled from the body? | feces |
| What is the sac that stores bile? | gall bladder |
| What is the name of the special lymphatic capillaries in the small intestine that take up lipids? | lacteal |
| What is the overall term for fats and cholesterol? | lipids |
| What is the class of proteins made by the liver? | lipoproteins |
| What are the two main types of lipoproteins? | LDL & HDL |
| What is the double layer membrane of the peritoneum that supports the organs in the abdominal cavity? | mesentery |
| What is the sum of the total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body? | metabolism |
| What is the term for the group of inorganic chemical compounds found in nature? | minerals |
| What is the membrane that forms the linings of body cavities & is open to the exterior? | mucosa |
| What organ is responsible for producing insulin? | pancreas |
| What are the contractions that propel substances along the digestive tract? | peristalsis |
| What is the serous membrane that lines the interior abdominal cavity & covers organ surfaces? | peritoneum |
| What are the building blocks of cells and amino acids? | proteins |
| What is the type of movement in the digestive tract that moves food back and forth? | segmentation |
| What is the main organ of digestion? | small intestine |
| What are the fingerlike projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption? | villi |
| What are organic compounds required by the body for physiological maintenance and growth? | vitamins |
| What is the fleshy, fingerlike projection of the soft palate? | uvula |
| What is the name of the fold of mucous membrane that secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth? | frenulum |
| What is the name of the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach? | cardioesophageal |
| What is the top part of the stomach called? | fundus |
| What is the middle part of the stomach called? | body |
| What is the terminal (bottom) part of the stomach called? | pylorus |
| What sphincter/valve connects the stomach to the small intestine? | pyloric |
| About how much food can the stomach hold when it is full? | 4L or 1 gallon |
| What are the folds inside the stomach called? | rugae |
| Where does protein digestion begin? | stomach |
| What is the first part of the small intestine called? | duodenum |
| What is the middle portion of the small intestine called? | jejunum |
| What is the terminal part of the small intestine called? | ileum |
| What valve joins the small and large intestine? | ileocecal |
| What substances (produced in the small intestine & pancreas)complete the breakdown of food in the small intestine? | enzymes |
| What enzyme in saliva helps break down starch? | amylase |
| Where does nearly all food absorption take place? | small intestine |
| What is another name for the circular folds in the small intestine? | plicae circulares |
| What is the worm-like projection that hangs off the cecum? | appendix |
| What is the sac-like structure that receives food from the small intestine? | cecum |
| Which part of the colon travels up the right side of the abdominal cavity? | ascending colon |
| Which part of the colon travels across the abdominal cavity? | transverse |
| Which part of the colon travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity? | descending colon |
| What are the pocket-like sacs of the large intestine called? | haustra |
| Are pancreatic enzymes acidic or alkaline? | alkaline |
| What is the largest gland in the body? | liver |
| How many lobes does the liver have? | 4 |
| By what passageway does bile leave the liver? | common hepatic duct |
| What is the term for the breaking down of fats? | emulsify |
| What connects the gall bladder and the liver? | cystic duct |
| What is the medical term for the yellow colored skin that results from bile circulating in the blood? | jaundice |
| Which salivary glands are located anterior to the ears? | parotid |
| What is the mass of food that is bound together when food is chewed and mixed with saliva? | bolus |
| What is the medical term for the chewing of food? | mastication |
| How many deciduous teeth do humans get? | 20 |
| How many permanent teeth are in a full set? | 32 |
| What is the name of the exposed part of the tooth (the part you see)? | crown |
| What covers the crown of a tooth? | enamel |
| What is the medical term for the gums? | gingiva |
| What layer forms the bulk of a tooth? | dentin |
| What part of the tooth contains the nerves and blood vessels? | pulp |
| What protects the stomach from the acidic environment? | mucus |
| What cells in the large intestine produce large amounts of mucus? | goblet |
| What is the medical term for watery stools? | diarrhea |
| What is the chemical energy that cells need to metabolize? | ATP |
| What unit is used to measure the energy value of food? | kilocalories |
| What is the term for large substances breaking down into small substances? | catabolism |
| What is the term for small molecules being built into large molecules? | anabolism |
| What is the major fuel used for making ATP? | glucose |
| What is the term for the formation of sugars? | gluconeogenesis |
| What is the term for the formation of glycogen? | glycogenesis |
| What is the term for the splitting of glycogen? | glycogenolysis |
| Which proteins are known as the "bad lipoproteins?" | LDL |
| Which proteins are known as the "good lipoproteins?" | HDL |
| What is the most important factor in determining a person's BMR (basal metabolic rate)? | thyroxine |
| What term refers to the total amount of kilocalories the body must consume to fuel all ongoing activities? | TMR |
| What is the term for the blood vessels narrowing to conserve body heat? | vasoconstriction |
| Extremely low body temperature resulting from prolonged exposure to the cold. | hypothermia |
| Extremely high body temperature and the body's inability to cool itself. | hyperthermia |
| What is inflammation of the appendix called? | appendicitis |
| What is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract called? | gastroenteritis |
| What is inflammation of the liver called? | hepatitis |
| What is chronic inflammation of the liver due to alcohol abuse called? | cirrhosis |
Created by:
jjanssen33
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