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pharmacology22
drugs for depression/anxiety/psychosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antianxiety drug | a drug that eases anxiety also known as anxiolytic |
| hallucinations | the perception of something such as sounds or visual images that are not actually present except in the mind they may involve sight smell hearing taste and touch |
| dysthmia | a chronic but less severe form of depression that is characterized by moods that are persistently low |
| tricylic antidepressants | drugs that act by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin and making more of these substances acailable to act on receptors in the brain |
| SSRI | drugs that act by blocking the reuptake of serotonin making more serotonin available to act on receptors in the brain |
| how long does it take ssri's to start relieving symptoms of depression | may take up to 8 weeks for symptoms of depression to improve |
| how long before ssri's control anxiety | 3-5 weeks |
| how does ssri's work | they work by increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain by inhibiting reuptake |
| SSRI's | have fewer side effects than TCA'a |
| side effects of SSRI's | insomnia, dizziness, anorexia, tremors, increased sweating, headache and weakness |
| tricyclic Atidepressants | inhibit the the reuptake of norepinephine, dopamine or serotonin nerve cells it may take up to 8 weeks for symptoms of depression to improve |
| TCA's | generally have more side effects than SSRI's |
| Benzodiazepines | most commonly prescribed drugs for treatment of anxiety |
| Benzodiazrpines | CNS depressant that increases the inhibitory actions of gamma-aminobutyonic acid GABA in the brain |
| should you stop taking benzodiazepines | no these drugs stopped suddenly beacause of the risk for life threatening withdrawal symptoms including nervousness restlessness tremulousness weakness and seizures |
| can you take benzodiazepines while pregnant | no because the fetus can become dependant on them |
| Antipsychotics | also called tranquilizers |
| what are antipsychotics used to treat | they are used to control the symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions |
| what may antipsychotics cause | neuroleptic malignant symndrome-s/s are muscle rigidity increased temp and respiratory rate, elevated pulse and BP ad becomes less responsive to verbal stimuli |
| which antipsychotics may smoking decrease the effectiveness of | olanzapine and clozapine |
| what should patients report when taking antipsychotics | sore throat, unusual bleeding or bruising, rash or tremors |
| what should you avoind when taking antipsychotics | alcohol, change positions slowly and avoid activities that require alertness |
| what should you avoid while taking zypnea and seroquel | grape fruit because it may increase blood levels and increased risk for side effects |
| fluoxetine | prozac- ssri antidepressant |
| lithium carbonate | lithonate- antipsychotic- psychosis |
| trazodone | desyrel- combined reuptake inhibitor and receptor blocker- antidepressant |
| paroxetine | paxil- SSRI |
| clonazepam | klonapin-benzodiazepine- anxiety |
| duloxetine | cymbalta-Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor- antidepressant |
| citalopram | celexa-SSRI- antidepressant |
| escitalopram | lexapro-SSRI- antidepressant |
| resperidone | risperdal-antipsychotic-psychosis |
| diazepam | valium- benzodiazepine-antianxiety |
| alprozolam | xanax-benzodiazepine-antianxiety |
| setraline | zoloft-SSRI-antidepressant |
| chlorpromazine | thorazine-antipsychotic-psychosis |
| buproprian, venlafaxine duloxetine are at risk for | seizures |
| patients on mirtazapine are at increased risk for | infection because of neutropenia |
| because of abuse potential benzodiaepine drugs are contraindicated for patients with | substance abuse disorder |
| patients taking quetiapine may experience | and alteration in body temperature regulation |
| how do TCA's work to treat depression | they work by inhibiting reuptake of neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine or serotonin by nerve cells |
| for which signs of dependence must you teach patients to watch when they have been prescribed a benzoidiazepine | a strong desire or need to continue taking the drug, a need to increase the dose to receive the effects of the drug, withdrawal symptoms when the drug is stopped |
| a patient who has been taking amitriptyline (elavil) to treat depression has developed an irregular heart rate of 112 BPM what is your best first action | hold the dose and notify the patient's healthcare provider |
| a patient prescribed the SSRI sertraline zoloft asks why valium wasnt precribed instead your best answer would be | sertraline has milder side effects and is less likely to cause dependence than diazepam |
| which antidepressant drug may slow growth ad weight gain in children | venlafaxine (effexor) |
| the patient prescribed chlorpromazine (thorazine) has developed rigid muscle tone and elevated temperature of 101 f and confusion what is your best action | hold the drug and notify the prescriber immediately |
| for what do you assess in a patient before and after giving a drug to treat psychosis | suicidal thoughts |
| the patient prescribed chlorpromazine (thorazine) tells you that his urine has turned reddish color what do you teach this patient | chlorpromazine often turns a patients urine pink or reddish-brown |
| how can the intake and output of an older adult be affected by lithium | lithium can cause excessive urination which can lead to dehydration |
| illusions | incorrect mental representations of misinterpreted events such as hearing the food cart coming down the hall and believeing it is a stampede of animals |
| delusions | fixed or false beliefs or opinions that are held despite a lack of supporting evidence and are resistant to reason or fact |
| GAD | excessive almost daily worry and anxiety lasting longer than 6 months |
| bipolar disorder | a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression also called bipolar illness or manic-depressive illness |
| major depression | a disabling mental disorder marked by a persistent low mood lack of pleasure in life and increased risk of suicide which is diagnosed based on presence of symptoms of depression for 2 or more weeks |
| mania | an extremely elevated mood state that occurs as part of bipolar disorder and is characterized by mental and physical hyperactivity and possibly psychosis |
| depression | an illness characterized by feelings of sadness and despair loss of energy and difficulty dealing with normal daily life |
| psychosis | an illness that prevents a person from being able to distinguish between the real world it commonly includes delusions and hallucinations |
Created by:
sonjasig
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