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Bio 28.1 28.2, skel

TermDefinition
Determination of cells when stem cells become committed to develop into only one type of cell
DIfferentiation Committed cells acquire the structures and functions of highly specialized cells
5 levels of the human body Cells, tissues, organ, organ system, organsim
cells specialized cell that has to perform specific task ex: lung cell
Tissues Groups of similar cells that wok together to perform a specialized function ex: Lung tissue
Organ Different tpes of tissue that function together ex: lung
Organs system 2 or more organs working in a coordinate way form ex: repitory
Homeostasis regulation and maintenance of internal environment ex: fluids, nutrients, temo
Sensores gather information about conditions inside and outside the body
Control center receives info from sensore ex: brain
Communication systems carry messages to all parts of the body
Feedback Info from sensors that allow a control center to compare current condition with ideal values
Negative Feedback Tries to get back to the normal ideal value
Positive Feedback rate of change away from ideal values for sudden change
Skeletal system organ system that includes bones and connective tissue that hold the bones together
Appendicular Skeleton legs arms feet hands
Axial Skeleton skull, rib cage, and spine
Vertebrae Bones that surround the spinal cord
Cartilage is flexible connective tissue that is found between your bones
Ligament long flexible band of connective tissue that connects 2 bones across a joint
Gliding joint Allow flat bones to slide over each other ex: wrist ankle
Pivot joint 2 bones turn on each other and cause rotation ex: top vertebrae supporting neck.
Ball And socket able arm or leg to move in almost any direction ex: hip, sholder
saddle ALLOW BONE TO MOVE FRONT AND BACK AND LEFT AND RIGHT ex: thumb
Hinge joints allow bones to move in one direction ex; knees fingers, toes
Spongy Bone Protects yellow or red bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow Mostly fat protects bone marrow
Red bone marrow Makes blood cells
Compact bone hard and dense to protect bodies weight
Calcification Hardening of the bones over time
tendon tissue that connects to bone for movement
Muscular System body system that moves bones at joints and pushes substances such as blood, food, and fluids throughout the body
What to muscle fibers contain a lot of Mitochondria
Muscle Fibers Muscle cells that contract when stimulated by nerve system
Muscle produce what kind of action Pulling action
Skeletal Muscle type of muscle that attaches to the skeleton through tendons
Tendon Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Appearance of skeletal muscle Striated/striped
Fast twitch fibers Respond quickly to movements
Slow twitch fibers slow reaction
Smooth Muscle Muscle that moves food though digestive system, empties bladder, and helps push out baby at birth all involuntary
Apperance of Smooth Muscle Wavy
Cardiac Muscle This muscle is found in the heart and uses a large amount of ATP and have more mitochondria then skeletal muscle
Myofibril long strands of protein found within a muscle fiber. Each Myofibril contain filaments
Sacromere section of a myofibril that contains all the items to allow a muscle to contract
Actin Filaments that are thin protein fibers that are pulled on to contract
Mysosin Filaments that are protein fibers that pull actin
Integumentary System body system that surrounds all of you other organ systems
What does the Integumentary system contain Skin, Hair, Nails, Oil Glands, and Sweat Glands
Keratin Tough Water proof protein that allows hair a nd nails to grow away from body but still keep its shape
Epidermis outermost layer of your skin and provide protection for tissues that are deeper inside skin layers
Melanin dark pigment that absorbs harmful rays that would otherwise damage your internal organs
dermis contain sweat and oil glands and produces elastin and collagen
Collagen a dense protein that gives skin its shape
Hair Follicle found on the dermis are elongated pit under the skin's surface that contains cells that produce keratin from hair
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