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Electricity

2

QuestionAnswer
Inductive Reactance An opposition to the change of current on an inductive element. It is proportional to the sinusoidal signal frequency and the inductance. Lowers total voltage.
Capacitor (Condenser) A passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field. Contain at least 2 electrical conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator).
Semiconductor Has electrical conductivity b/t that of a conductor and an insulator. Differ from metals by decreasing electrical resistivity. Can also display properties of passing current more easily in one direction than the other.
Doping (Semiconductor) In semiconductor production, this intentionally introduces impurities into an extremely pure (also referred to as intrinsic) semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical properties.
Diode Placing a piece of N- Material (Negative special material) in contact with P- Material (Positive) makes this junction device.
Transistors A semiconductive device capable of more complex functions than a diode, including amplification, nesting 2 pieces of N- Material on each side of a P- Material (NPN).
Transistor Amplifiers Has high impeadence and is suitable for use in input circuits in EEG amplifiers.
If there is a surplus of electrons, what type of semiconductor is this? N-Type.
If there are more protons than neutrons, what type of semiconductor is this? P-Type.
What is barrier voltage? Poles in the P-Type material travel to the N-Type until there is an imbalance in charge great enough to prevent the migration from continuing.
What is a forward biased junction diode? When migration is occurring and is conducting current, it is this.
What is a junction diode that has no current? Reverse Biased.
Is a forward biased junction diode a conductor or an insulator? Conductor.
What is a circuit that has an output voltage only during alternating 1/2 cycles? A half wave rectifier.
What are the 3 sections of an NPN transistor? 1 piece of P material between 2 slices of N material. 1. N = Emitter. 2. P = Base. 3. N = Collection.
What type of current flow do you have with a NPNP transistor? From base to remitter, Conventional current from + to -.
What type of current flow do you get with a PNP transistor? Elector current from emitter to base (opposite) and said to be biased. Electron Flow.
What does it mean when a transistor is biased? Voltages of proper polarity must be applied to insure normal operation.
A Transistor Amplifier has... High input impedance.
What happens when voltage is applied to the gate of a transistor amplifier? It creates an electrostatic charge and a FIELD develops.
What does the Insulated Gate do? It gives an even higher impedance in a transistor amplifier and acts as a variable resistor.
Where is zero in a Galvanometer? Center position.
What converts electrical energy to mechanical movement? A Galvanometer. Electrical Mechanical Transducer.
What is an ink-Writing Galvanometer? Precisely designed coils, magnets, etc.
What is an integrated circuit? Several transistors, diodes, capacitators, and resistors packed into a small, structured unit, which may be only a few millimeters square (often a microchip).
What is another name for integrated circuit? Chip / Microchip.
Transformers Devices that transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another. They are used to “step up” or “step down” the voltage.
Ground 3 Types: 1: Earth (not all the same). 2. The chassis or case-ground (in casing). 3. Common connection of electronic circuitry (circuit ground).
Impedance The combined effects of resistance and reactance (of the wires on the head).
Common Mode Signal Rejects external interference from radiating electrical fields, such as 60 Hz, AC interference and effects inputs 1 & 2 equally.
Common Mode Rejection Ratio The degree in which an amplifier will reject a common mode signal.
Uses a 3 prong conductor cord with color code and must limit leakage of current. Power Cord.
Power Supply Has On/Off switch. Always On. Should be properly fused and protected with circuit breaker.
The power cord helps to... Limit leakage current.
The ground connection in the wall receptacle to insure electrical safety must be connected to... The building ground.
Parallel resistors cause voltage to be... Constant in all resistors.
Power is measured in... Watts.
Fuses blow because... A pre-computed critical temperature is reached.
Direct Current A steady flow of current flowing in one direction.
Where is direct current found? Europe.
Alternating Current Current that alternately flows in one direction and then in the other and involves 60 Hz AC, which completes and entire cycle. 1/2+, 1/2-. U.S.
Semiconductors Neither good conductors, nor good insulators.
What is the basic unit of Electricity? Electromotive Force (E), measured in Voltage (V). Current (I), measured in Amperes (A). and Resistance (R), measured in Ohms (Ω).
What is Electromotive Force measured in? Voltage (E).
Variable Resistors Resistors that vary on a continuous scale.
What is an example of a Variable Resistor? Dimmer switch or sensitivity adjust.
Circuit Breakers Better than fuses because they don't have to be replaced. Stops current flow when some critical power level is exceeded.
What are considered to be conductors? Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), Platinum (Pt), Tin (Sn), Iron (Fe).
What unit is resistance measured in? Ohms (Ω).
What do a string of resistors form? A voltage divider (on-off switch).
What type of test would you use 1,000th of a volt? EKG's and EMG s.
Time Constant The time it takes for a signal to decay to 37% of it's original height.
The notch filter works similar to a... Frequency Response Curve.
The Time Constant is like the process of... Charging a battery.
Capacitance is used for... To store electrical energy.
Phase Shift (HFF) Not only attenuates output, but when compared to input, shifts the occurrence in time to the right and then appears to be occurring later in time.
Transformer When two coils are adjacent to each other, the flow of current in one coil generates a magnetic field that induces current flow.
Capacitive Reactance When AC is placed across a capacitator that is alternatively charging and discharging. CR is the time required for the charge and discharge causing opposition.
What is the meter called that measures volts? Voltmeter.
The time it takes for 1 microfarad capacitator to charge to 63% of it's full scale charge is called... Time Constant.
What is Rise Time? The time it takes to store up to 63% of a full scale. (Charging part of Time Constant).
What does inductance oppose? Any change in current.
What is inductance measured in? HENRY.
What is the symbol of inductance? L
What is a practical inductor? Coils. The more turns, the larger the inductance.
What impedes current flow? Capacitive Reactance.
What does inductive reactance do? Lowers total voltage.
Where does zero voltage exist? Only at the earth.
What is a circuit ground? A common connection of electronic circuitry.
Gain Amplification factor.
Current is measured in... Amperes.
Resistors are... Elements that do not give up electrons easily.
Insulators are... Materials that, even with a strong electrical force, will not give up electrons easily.
Name insulators. Plastic, glass, porcelain, rubber, air. Some plastics will be destroyed by excessive EM or voltages.
Name a material that is not an insulator. Silicon.
Name another material that is not an insulator. Gold.
Silicon is a... Semiconductor.
Electromotive force is measured in... Voltage.
Resistance is measured in... Ohms.
An Evoked Potential (EP) is measured in... Nanovolts.
Phase Shift Any change that occurs in the phase of one quantity, or in the phase difference between two or more quantities.
Created by: kmburg5840
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