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Skin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the skin>? | Thermoregulation, protection barrier, Vitamin D synthesis |
| Who are more prone to skin CA? | Elderly due to years of exposure in the sun |
| What type of skin CA do younger adults (25-29) experience? | melanoma |
| Who are the majority diagnosed with melanoma? | white males over the age of 50 |
| Which type of skin CA is on the rise in women under 40? | basal cell carcinoma |
| Who are at risk for late diagnosis? | African Americans and Asian Americans |
| Where is skin CA more prevalent on the body for those who are not white? | non-exposed skin-less pigment, palms, soles, mucus membranes, and nail regions |
| What is the different between UVA and UVB waves? | UVA- causes damage to cells, wrinkles UVB- causes damage to DNA, sunburns |
| What are the different types of skin CA? | Actinic Keratois (premalignant squamous cell), squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma |
| What is the early stage of squamous cell carcinoma? | actinic Keratosis |
| How does Actinic Keratosis feel? | Like sand paper |
| Where does squamous cell carcinoma occur? | on damaged skin, mostly sun exposed areas, but can also occur on all other areas including genitals and mucus membranes |
| What are the cardinal signs of SCC? | An open sore that bleeds or crusts and persist for weeks A wart like growth that crusts and occasionally bleeds Typically appears as a persistent thick, rough, scaly patch that can bleed |
| What is the most common type of skin CA? | basal cell carcinoma |
| Which skin CA has a higher risk for metastasis? | SCC, basal does not |
| What are the ABCDEs of Melanoma? | Asymmetry, boarders uneven, color varies, diameter larger than an eraser on a pencil, evolution in size, shape, and color |
| What is the most common surgery for skin CA? | Mohs surgery |
| Which medications can trigger psoriasis? | Lithium, Beta blockers |
| What is the main TX option for psoriasis? | stress reduction |
| What is cellulitis caused by? | staph and staph due to dog, insect bite, cat scratch, common with obese patients |
| What skin condition is associated w malaise and fever? | cellulitis |
| How is cellulitis treated? | ATB, heat, immobilization, elevation, pain management |
| Where do shingles occur? | along nerve dermatomes |