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Bio 10 - Animal King

Bio 10 - Animal Kingdom (25.1-25.2)

QuestionAnswer
What are the characteristics of animals? multicellular, heterotrophic, eukaryotic, lack cell walls
What is an invertebrate? all animals that lack a backbone or vertebral column
What is a chordate? a dorsal, hollow nerve chord, notochord, and pharyngeal pouches
What is a nordochord? a long supporting rod that runs through the body just below the nerve chord.
Pharyngeal pouches? can develop into gills used for gas exchange
What are vertebrates? Chordates with backbones
List some vertebrates? fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
What essential function must animals perform to survive? must maintain homeostasis by gathering and responding to information, obtaining and distributing oxygen and nutrients, and collecting and eliminating carbon dioxide and other wastes. They also reproduce.
What is feedback inhibition? negative feedback which helps an animals with homeostasis
Why are animal body plans importnat? they help perform life's essential functions
What are the different features of animal body plans? levels of organization, body symmetry, differentiation of germ layers, formation of body cavities, patterns of embryological development, segmentation, cephalization, and limb formation
Radial symmetry? body parts that equally extend from the center of the body
Bilateral symmetry? an imaginargy lines divides the body in equal halves
Endoderm: germlayer innermost germ layer which develop into the digestive tract and respiratory system
Mesoderm: germlayer middle germ layer which gives rise to muscles, circulatory, reproductive, and excretory organ systems
Ectoderm: germlayer outermost germ layer which produces sense organs, nerves, and the outer layer of the skin
What is the body cavity? a fluid-filled space between the digestive tract and body wall providing space for the internal organs
Zygote? fertilized egg
Blastula? a hollow ball of cells like an inflated balloon
Protostomes? phyla in which the blastopore becomes the mouth
Deuterostromes? phyla in which the blastopore becomes the anus
Segmentation? repeating body parts as in worms, insects - simple mutations can cause changes in the number of body segments and specialization of segments such as the head and limbs
Cephalization? the concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the anterior end forming a head
Coelom? a fluid filled cavity that is formed in the mesoderm
What is spongin? what make a sponge - spongy
What structure creates currents of water in porifera? flagella - flagella move the water along and the water exists through the osculum
What are the 2 body plans for cnideria? Medusa and polyp
What are the basic characteristics of cnideria? soft body with stinging tentacles
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