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Final Lab Exam-Lab9
Class Osteichthyes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What does the burrfish do with its body? | Inflates body with water to look larger to potential predators |
| What do the burrfish have that reduce predation? | Spines |
| What type of glands do pufferfish contain? | Deadly tetrodotoxin - delicacy in Japanese restaurants |
| Where do american eels live? How long do they live for? Where do they spawn? | Live in freshwater, spawn in ocean. Live up to 20 years. |
| How large can the moray eel be? Where are these found? Do they have scales? Which fin don't they have? | 6 feet, rock crevices, lack scales, lack pectoral fins |
| Who is the pipefish a close relative of? And where are eggs put? | Seahore, males carry eggs in pouch as do seahorses |
| Describe the uses of menhaden. What do they eat? | very oily and abundant fish, used in fish oil, fish meal, and animal feed industries - eat phytoplankton |
| Where is the brown trout a native? FW or SW in US? Shape of caudal fin? | European native, FW fish in US, caudal fin is square. |
| Where does the seahorse life? Fast or slow swimmer? | Seagrass beds, slow swimmers |
| WHere do pompano fish live? What is to be noticed about these fish? | offshore and estuaries, matching top and bottom fins |
| What is the purpose of a swim bladder? | Help fish move vertically in water column without great energy expenditure. |
| What are the gill filaments for? | Site of gas exchange during respiration |
| What fish did we dissect in class? | Yellow Perch |
| Where was the Yellow Perch originally found and where is it found now? | Nova Scotia to South Carolina. Currently in every state in the nation. |
| What is the diet of a Yellow Perch? | aquatic insects, crayfish, snails, small fish, fish eggs. |
| What is the age that Yellow Perch lives to and what size do they become? | 10 years is the maximum, 7-10 inches long |
| Which dorsal fin is the spiny and which is the soft? | the first is spinous and the second is soft |
| What type of scales cover the body of the fish? | Bony scales. |
| What does the lateral line of a bony fish contain that helps a fish? | Contains sensory receptors for hearing |
| Is the stomach anterior or posterior to the intestine? | Anterior to the intestine |
| Where is the liver located? | Near the operculum |
| Where are the pyloric ceca found? | Small bulbs attached to stomach |
| Where is the heart located? | Anterior to the liver, near operculum |
| What order are frogs and toads part of? | Order Anura |
| What color is the american toad? Is it terrestrial or aquatic? Where is it common? What does it do while singing? | It is brown and warty. Terrestrial toad. It is found in lawn gardens. When it sings it inflates its vocal sac. |
| Is a bullfrog aquatic or terrestrial? How large can it become? What is the sound referred to as? Which is the large organ used for hearing called? | Aquatic frog. Up to 6 inches. "jug-o-rum". Large tympanum. |
| Is the leopard frog aquatic or terrestrial? Shallow or deep water? | Aquatic, shallow water/marshes. |
| What do tadpoles have that protect against pathogens? | Mucus coverings |
| What order are salamanders part of? | Order Caudata |
| What is the scientific name of a mud puppy? | Necturus |
| What is the stage of metamorphosis of a mud puppy? What does this mean it will exhibit? | Paedomorphosis, has external gills |
| Do salamanders have scales? | No |
| Describe the mating of frogs. | The smaller male clasps the female from behind and rides around on her back. As she lays eggs, he fertilizes them. Eggs are placed in water and will hatch into tadpole larvae, which will later develop into frogs and toads. |
| What is amplexus? | The position when males ride females back during mating. |
| Fowler's Toad- Which toad can they hyrbidize with? How do they discourage predators? What do their calls sound like? | Hybridize with American Toads. Secrete a liquid toxin that may discourage predators. Calls = sheep with a cold. |
| Spring Pepper- Small or large? What month do they begin songs? What color throat do males have? What do they eat? Who are their predators? | Tiny (1.5 inches). February. Black throat. Eat arthropods. Become prey of spiders. |
| Eastern Narrowmouth Toad- Small or Large? Terrestrial or aquatic? Where are they found? Favorite food? When does breeding begin? What does this sound like? | Tiny (1.5 inches). Terrestrial. Found in burrows and under rocks and logs. May. Eats ants. Sounds like sheep (baaaa). |
| Pickerel Frog- Where is it found? How does it fight off predators? What other frog do they resemble? What does their call sound like? | Woodland Streams, produces skin toxin that sickens or kills predators, resemble southern leopard frog, their calls resemble snorning sounds |
| Southern Leopard Frog- What size can they reach? What do they feed on? Where are they found? What does their call sound like? | Reach 3.5 inches. Feed mainly on arthropods. Found in drainage ditches, ponds, lakes, and swamps. Calls consist of clucks that sound like balloons being rubbed together or turkey gobble. |
| Bullfrog- What size can they reach? What 2 states is it the largest of? Solitary or colonial? Favorite foods? What do their songs sound like? | Up to 8 inches. North and South Carolina. Solitary. Eat insects, crayfish, and small invertebrates. Sound like "jug-o-rum" or violin strum. |
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