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Human Genetics SG
Human Genetics Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype? | 46 |
| Which of the following are shown in a karyotype? homologous chromosomes,sex chromosomes,autosomes,all of the above | all of the above |
| In humans, a male has | one X chromosome and one Y chromosome |
| Human females produce egg cells that have | one X chromosome |
| what is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female? | 50% |
| what percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome? | 50% |
| In a pedigree, a circle represents a(an) | female |
| Which of the following is caused by a dominant allele that expresses itself late in a persons life? | Huntington disease |
| If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring, what might be the offspring blood type? | A,B,AB, or O |
| Sickle cell disease is caused by a? | Change in one DNA base |
| In cystic fibrosis, a change in a single gene causes the protein called CFTR to | fold improperly |
| Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell disease | has a different sequence of amino acids |
| people who are heterozygous for sickle cell disease are generally healthy because | they usually have some normal hemoglobin in their red blood cells |
| the sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22 showed that | some regions of chromosomes do not code for proteins |
| alleles found on the same chromosomes | are linked |
| most sex-linked genes are located on | the X chromosome only |
| colorblindness is more common in males than in females because | the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome |
| true or false?- a colorblind boy received the allele for colorblindness from his mother | true |
| the formation of a Barr body | causes the genes on one of the X chromosomes in a female cell to be switched off |
| a cat that has spots of more than one color | is probably female |
| the failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called | nondisjunction |
| because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born | without an X chromosome |
| which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female | XX |
| If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, | some gametes may form instead of four |
| Nondisjunction can involve-autosomes,sex chromosomes,homologous chromosomes,all of the above | all of the above |
| scientists test for alleles that cause human genetic disorders by | detecting the DNA sequences found the those alleles |
| the process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that | no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA |
| the human genome project is an attempt to | sequence all human DNA |
| the human genome was sequenced | by using computers to find overlapping regions between sequenced DNA fragments |
| what cannot be obtained from the humans genome project? | whether an allele is dominant or recessive |
| the purpose of gene therapy is to | cure genetic disorders |
| which of the following is the first step in gene therapy? | identifying the faulty gene that causes the disease |
| A__________ can be used to determine whether a person has inherited the normal number of chromosomes | karyotype |
| In humans, sex is determined by the X and the____chromosomes | Y |
| A __________ is a diagram that follows the inheritance of a single gene through several generations of a family. | pedigree |
| people who have sickle cell disease inherited_____copies of the sickle cell allele. | 2 |
| a boy who has hemophilia inherited the disorder from his________ | mother |
| A female with the disorder_______inherits only one X chromosome and has the genotype XO | turners syndrom |
| Nondisjunction in males can lead to the disorder called_________ | kleinefellter's Syndrom |
| why are all X-linked alleles expressed in males, even if they are recessive? | males have just one X chromosome |
| Explain why the father of a girl who is colorblind must also be colorblind | the girl has to inherit it from the X chromosome from both mom and dad |
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veg4fuel
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