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Parkinson's Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What neurotransmitters control movement? | dopamine and aceytlcholine |
| Where does the decline in the dopamine-producing nuerons take place? | substantia nigra |
| What are the different forms of PD? | Primary parkisonism, secondary parkinsonism, post-encephalitic parkinsonism, psuedoparkinsonism, and juvenile parkinsonism |
| At what age can juvenile parkinson's disease take place? | before age 40 |
| What are the clinical manifestations of PD? | "TRAP" Tremors, Rigidity, Akinesis (temp paralysis), Postural Insubility |
| What are other S/S of PD? | drooling, macrographia, depression, fatigue, impaired postural reflexes |
| How do stage 2 and 3 differ? | Stage two you are still able to walk, stage 3 in wheel chair |
| How is PD diagnosed? | No specific test, R/O other medical conditions and H&P |
| What are the goals in terms of medical management? | Slow the progression of the dz, maintain independence, preserve neurological functioning |
| How can PD be managed? | medication and/or surgery |
| What type of med is Sinemet (carbiodapa/levadopa)? | dopaminenergics |
| What do doaminergics do? | Help the brain to produce more dompamine and in turn reduce bradykinesis, tremor, rigidity |
| What should be monitored when taking Sinemet? | HR/BP, BUN, WBC, HCT, LOC |
| When are dopaminenergics contraindicated? | In patients with glaucoma and avoid foods high in B6 |
| What is Symmetrel? | Dopamine agonist |
| How do dopamine agonist work? | by blocking the reuptake into presynaptic receptors and hence relieves rigidity and akinesis |
| What should be monitored when taking Symmetrel? | I/O/, Wt, LOC, nutrition, sleeping pattern, BP |
| What are examples of anticholerginic meds? | Artane (trihexyphenidyl), Cogentin (Benztropine) |
| How do anticholoerginic meds work? | They block the cholergenic receptors, facilitating a balance between dopamine and acytlcholine and in turn releiev tremors |
| What should be avoided when taking Atane and Cogentin? | Other OTC meds that have the same effect such as Elavil, Sominex, Donnatal |
| What is an exampe of an antihistamine used in PD? | Benedryl, relieves regidity |
| What are other meds used for PD? | MOA, sleeping aids, COMT, Selective Seratonin Re-uptakes, other Anti-depressants, |
| What surgeries are available for PD? | Ablation or destructive surgery (pallidotomy or Thalamotomy), Deep brain stimulation, Stem cell |
| What are some objective for managing a PD patient? | maximize mobility, optimize nutrition and communication and prevent complications |
| What are some CAM options for PD? | Tai Chi, music therapy, botanical alternatives (St. John's wart-depression, Ginger-N/V) |
| What causes PD? | an imbalance between dopamine and actylcholine |
| What age is PD more common? | Age 60 and older |
Created by:
brebre273
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