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Geology 110
Geology Exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hubble Law | as the red shift increases, the distance the distance the sun is from you increases |
| Big Bang | Big Bang Theory says space and matter expanded as one |
| Origin of the Moon | Fission, Capture, Simultaneous accretion, Impact |
| Fission | the moon separated from magma when the Earth was formming |
| Capture | the moon was captured by Earth's gravity |
| Simultaneous Accretion | the moon was formed separate from the Earth |
| Impact | a meteor hit the Earth and formed the moon |
| Heat sources for the early Earth | bombardment rate, volume of granite rock, land area, heat flow |
| Effect of the formation of the Earth's core | iron and nickel core set up a magnetic field to protect Earth from solar winds |
| Greenstone belts-Significance | early form of subducttion zone |
| Planetary Geology | a. Venus and Mars had plate tectonic but do not have them now b. Venus has a runaway greenhouse (Mars got cold and water turned to ice), Mars has a runaway (Venus got hot and water evaporated) c. were a planet can have liquid water |
| Origin of Life | a. sites for origin: hot springs, tide pools, hydro-thermal vents b. using reverse transcription RNA can form into DNA c. ribozymes = "RNA enzymes" and "auto catalysis" d. membranes: seperate internal from external evolution, concentrate compounds, kee |
| Oxygenation of the atmosphere | a. stromatolites: produce oxygen that compinds with iron b. banded iron formations c. evidence for endosymbiosis: 1.nucleoid in mitochondria and chloroplasts, 2.double membrane around mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| Delaware Geology: What ancient environment do they represent? During which Orogeny did they form? | -Wissahickon Schist: deep basin -Wilmington Complex: volcanic arc -Baltimore Gneiss: acient continent -all from Taconic Orogeny |
| Geologic (physiographic) provinces of the eastern U.S. | Coastal Plains, Piedmont |
| Paleozoic orogenies of the eastern U.S. | a. Taconic-Late Ordovician-Taconic Mts b. Acadian-Late Devonian-Catskills/Old Red Sandstone c. Alleghenian-Late Paleozoic-associated with assembly of Pangea |
| Paleozoic orogenies of the western U.S. | d. Antler-Late Devonian-Nevada e. Sonoma-northern California f. Sevier-Colorado and areas to the north and south |
| Greenhouse | continents come together, sea levels rises |
| Icehouse | continents breakaway, volcanism & sea floor spreading, sea levels decrease |
| Origin of skeletons | oxygen level increased, increased body size of creatures, creatures developed a shell to fight increased predation, increased amounts of food available |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | a. Reefs-stromatoporoid or scleractinia (modern coral)-Ordovician b. Gymnosperms (Conifiers)-Permian c. Lycopods (coal swamps)-Pennsylvanian d. Angiosperms (flowering plants)-Late Cretaceous to recent e. Trilobites-Cambrian |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | f. Crinoids (sea lilies)-Ordovicain g. Corals-Paleozoic-recent h. Cephalopods-Cambrian i. Ostracoderms (Jawless fish)-Ordovician j. Placoderms -Silurian-Devonian |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | k. Sharks-Devonian l. Teleosts (bony fish)-Paleozoic m. Labyrinthodonts-Devonian n. Coelacanths-Late Devonian o. Pelycosaurs (fin backed reptiles)-Permian p. Ostracoerms (armor head fish)-Paleozoic |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | q. Dinosaurs: Ornithischia (bird hip, herbivors): Ceratopsains (horns on head), Ankylosaurs (spikes on back), Stegosaurus (1 or 2 rows of plates on back), Hadrosaurs ("duck-bills") -Mesozoic |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | r. Marine Reptiles-Icthyosaurs ("fish lizard"), Plesiosaurs (long neck), Mosasaurs (whale like) -Mesozoic |
| Tethyan Seaway-when, where? | an ocean during the Mesozoic era that sperated the land masses of Laurasia from Godwana |
| Rates of formation of Earth's crust | scientist disagree between rapid, then constant crust formation and slow, but gradual crust formation -early crust thought to have disintegrated by water |
| Meteorites- a. What do they represent? b. Possible involvement in formation of oceans and origin of life? | a. Meteorites remain form the formation of the solar system b. Carbonaceous Chondrites - may have given enough water to create the oceans |
| Effects of the appearance of forests | wide verity of grated streams, better root steams later,mass amounts of photosynthesis putting lots of oxygen in the atmosphere, large insects because of the increases amounts of oxygen |
| Cause of the origin of multicellular animals | 1.predation 2.oxygen increase 3.shells 4.food |
| Habitable Zone and the inner planets, including Earth | -only planet in a habitable zone is Earth -habitable zone moves a the sun expands and gets larger -Venus's habitable zone died out, and Earth's habitable zone will eventually die out, and Mars will be in the habitable zone |
| "Snow ball" Earth | massive glaciation covering the Earth from 700 million years ago up to the Pre-Cambrian |
| Different prehistoric groups. When were these groups most prominent? | Dinosaurs: Sauischa (herbivores and carnivores): sauropods (long tails and neck, weighed tons), Theropods (walked on hind legs, carnivores) |
Created by:
NickUD
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