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Proteins
dudek chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| protein | componenet of every living cell. plays a role in fluid balance, provides 4cal of energy |
| amino acids | building blocks of protein. used as components of enzuems, hormones, antibodies |
| essential amino acids | body cannot make these. they must abe consumed through food |
| nonessentinal amino acids | can be made by the body if nitrogen is available |
| absorption site of anmino acids | principal site is small intestine |
| protein digestion | begins in stomach, HCL breaks down protein |
| notrogen balanace | protein syntheisis is occuring at the same rate as protein breakdown. is determined by intake of nitrogen and output of nitrogen |
| anablolism | protein sysnthesis |
| catabolism | protein breakdown |
| positive nitrogen balance | when protein synthesis exceeds protein breakdown |
| negative nitorgen balance | undesirable state that occurs when protein breakdown exceeds protein syntheses |
| where protein if found | all food groups except for the fruit gorup |
| RDA for protein | 10-20% of total calories. most americans consume more protein than they need |
| complete proteins | provide all essential amino acids. animal and soy protein are complete proteins |
| incomplete proteins | these proteins lack one or more essential amino acids. except for soy, all plants ares ources of incomplete proteins |
| complementary proteins | 2 proteins that when combined, provide all essential amino acids |
| supplements for pure vegan pts | may need to have vitamin B12 and vitamin D supplements |
| american diet | provides 50% more protein than needed |
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N119
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