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carbohydrates
dudek chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| carbohydrates | energy yielding nutrients. major function is to provide energy |
| carbohydrates | spare use of protein and prevent ketosis |
| glucose | can be converteed to glycogen. convert3ed to fat and stored if not used |
| where carbohydrates are found | in every food group. most abundant in grains |
| RDA for carbohydrates | 45-65% of total calories |
| fiber recommendations | women - 25 G daily, men - 38 g daily |
| carbohydrate digestion | majority occurs insmall intestin, liver releases glucose into blood stream |
| starch | storage form of glucose in plants |
| glycogen | storage form of glucose in animals and humans |
| dietary fiber | carbohydrates that human enzymes cannot digest |
| fiber sources | whole grains, bran, dried peas, unpeeled friuts, vegeatables |
| refined grains | consists of only middle part of grain, no bran |
| whole grains | contain the entire grain |
| how to increase dietary fiber in diet | use of whole grains, eat fruits and vegatebles, choose food with 5 gm of fiber or more |
| glycemic response | how quickly glucose levels rise after ingestion of food |
| low glycemic index carbohydrates | eat before exercise |
| moderate glycemic index foods | eat during long distance events to ensure adequated glucose availablity |
| high glycemic index foods | eat after exercise to enchance glycogen repletion |
| glycemic index | a numeric measure of the glycemic response of 50G of food. the higher the number, the highier the glycemic response |
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N119
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