Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

exchange and trans

QuestionAnswer
FOR SURVIVAL ORGANISM MUST TRANSFER MATERIALS BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND THE ENVIRONMENT.
ABSORBED MATERIALS SHOULD BE RAPIDLY DISTRIBUTED TO CELLS.
WASTE PRODUCTS TO SURFACE. REQUIRES TRANSPORT SYSTEM.
SIZE & METABOLIC RATE-EFFECTS. AMOUNT OF MATERIAL NEEDED TO BE EXCHANGED.
METABOLISM SIZE INFLUENCE TYPE OF EXCHANGE SURFACE AND TRANSPORT SYSTEM.
THINGS THAT NEED TO BE EXCHANGED BETWEEN ORGANISM AND ENVIRONMENT:
RESPIRATORY GASES (OXYGEN C02) - NUTRIENTS (GLUCOSE ,
FATTY A, AMINO A VITAMINS AND MINERALS)
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS (UREA AND C02) – HEAT.
EXCHANGE PASSIVELY . ACTIVELY.
THE EXCHANGE TAKES PLACE AT SURFACE OF AN ORGANISM.
EXCHANGE EFFECTIVE LARGE SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO. SMALL ANIMALS.
BECOME LARGER THE VOLUME INCREASES AT A FASTER RATE TO SURFACE AREA. DIFFUSION SLOW.
ORGANISM HAVE EVOLVED : FLATTENED SHAPE .NO CELL FAR.FLAT WORM.
2. SPECIALISED EXCHANGE SURFACES = LARGE SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO.
(LUNGS IN MAMMAL GILLS IN FISH).
EXCAHNGE SURFACE MUST HAVE : THIN.SHORT.QUICK.
PARTIALLY PERMEABLE ALLOW SELECTED MATERIALS TO CROSS WITH OUT BLOCK.
MOVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIUM. AIR TO MAINTAIN A DIFFUSION GRADIENT.
MOVEMENT INTERNAL MEDIUM .BLOOD .TO MAINTAIN A DIFF GRADIENT.
DIFFUSION:= SURFACE AREA X DIFFERENCE IN CON GRAD / LENGTH OF DIFFUSION PATHWAY.
SPECIALISED SURFACES DAMAGED COZ .THIN. LOCATED IN ORGANISM.
LOWEST O2 CONC .MITOCHONDRIA. HIGH C02. MAINTAINS THE DIFFUSION GRADIENT.
SMALL . DIFFUSION OF CO2 O2 ACROSS BODY.ONE CELL THICK.
ONE CELL THICK. PARTIALLY PERMEABLE.
GAS EXCHANGE IN INSECTS:
INSECTS TERRESTRIAL (LIVE ON LAND). H20 EVAPORATE .FROM BODY SURFACE. DEHYDRATED.
NEED TO CONSERVE WATER.
EFFICIENT GAS EXCHANGE. CONFLICTS. NEEDS OF CONSERVING WATER. MUST BALANCE.
THE NEEDS OF EXCHANGING RESPIRATORY GASES WITH REDUCING WATER LOSS.
REDUCE WATER 2 FEATURES. WATERPROOFING COVERINGS. INSECT -RIGID SKELETON .WATER PROOF CUTICLE.
A SMALL SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO TO MINIMISE WATER LOSS.
THESE FEATURES MEAN. INSECT CANNOT USE SURFACES FOR DIFFUSION OF GASES.
THEY HAVE TRACHEA.
TRACHEA HELD .BY STRONG RINGS. PREVENT COLLAPSING.
TRACHEA DIVIDE .SMALL TUBES . TRACHEAOLES . EXTEND THROUGHOUT . BODY TISSUE.
AIR IS BOUGHT DIRECTLY TO THE TISSUE.
RESPIRATORY GASES MOVE. ALONG DIFFUSION GRADIENT:
CELL RESPIRE, OXYGEN USED UP . ITS CONCENTRATION TOWARDS THE END OF THE TARCHEOLES FALLS.
THIS CREATE DIFFUSION GRADIENT. CAUSES OXYGEN 2 DIFFUSE FROM ATM ALONG TARCHEA TRACHEOLES.
C02 PRODUCED BY CELLS IN RESPIRSATION. CREATES DIFFUSION GRAD IN OPP DIRECTION.
C02 DIFFUSE ACROSS THE TRACHEAE & TRACHEOLES FROM CELLS INTO THE ATM.
DIFFUSION IN AIR FASTER THAN WATER. GASES EXCHANGED QUICK.
VENTILATION -:
MOVEMENT OF MUSCLE IN INSECT . CREATES MASS MOVEMENTS OF AIR . IN AN OUT OF THE TRACHEAE.
THIS SPEEDS UP EXCHANGE OF R GASES.
WHAT ARE SPIRACLES – TINY PORES. ON BODY SURFACE . GASES ENTER AND LEAVE TRACHEA
THE SPIRACLES OPENED & CLOSED BY VALVE.
WHEN SPIRACLES OPEN/WATER CAN EVAPORATE FROM INSECT. MOSTLY CLOSED/PREVENT WATER LOSS.
PERIODICALLY THEY OPEN / ALLOW GAS EXCHANGE.
LIMITATIONS OF TRACHEAL SYSTEM:
RELIES ON DIFFUSION BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT CELLS.
COZ SURFACE NEED THIN . LIMITS SIZE OF INSECT.
INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM - TRACHEAE, TRACHEOLES, SPIRACLES, MUSCLE FIBRE AND BODY SURFACE.
FISH HAVE / WATERPROOF/ GAS-TIGHT OUTER COVERING.
(GILLS). = SPECIALISED EXCHANGE SURFACE.
GILLS / BEHIND THE HEAD. / MADE UP OF GILL FILAMENTS. GILL FILAMENTS / STACKED UP IN A PILE.
RIGHT ANGLES TO THE FILAMENT / ARE GILL LAMELLAE
GILL LAMELLAE / INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA / OF GILLS.
WATER INTO MOUTH / FORCED OVER GILLS
IN GILL LAMELLAE / FLOW OF WATER / FLOW OF BLOOD / IN OPP DIRECTIONS. COUNTER CURRENT FLOW.
COUNTER CURRENT EXCHANGE PRINCIPLE / BLOOD AND WATER ARE IN OPP DIRECTIONS.
THIS ARRANGEMENT MEANS (2) / 1. BLOOD CARRYING OXYGEN / MEETS WATER . WHICH HAS A MAX CONC OF OXYGEN.
SO DIFFUSION OF OXYGEN / FROM WATER TO BLOOD.
2. BLOOD WITH LITTLE OR NO OXYGEN / MEETS WATER THAT HAS OXYGEN.
CONSTANT RATE OF DIFFUSION ACROSS / GILL LAMELLAE.
80% OF O2 IN H20/ IS ABSORBED INTO THE FISH BLOOD.
IF BLOOD & WATER / PARALLEL FLOW / DIFFUSION GRAD ONLY MAINTAINED / ACROSS PART OF GILL LAMELLAE ONLY 50% O2 INTO FISH
DIFFUSION GRADIENT FAVOURS / OXYGEN FROM WATER INTO BLOOD. ALL O2 FROM H20 DIFUSSES INTO BLOOD.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS GAS CAN BE RECYCLED/ REDUCES NEED TO GAS EXCHANGE WITH AIR.
STRUCTURE OF PLANT LEAF AND GAS EXCHANGE:
SHORT DIFFUSION PATHWAY. LEAF. FAST DIFFUSION.
PLANT LEAF/ LARGE SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO /NO SPECIALISED TRANSPORT SYSTEM.
GASES MOVE EASILY.
Created by: ufuoma
Popular Biology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards