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Biochloeororke
Biology test on natural selection
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Incomplete Dominance | Alleles are neither dominant or recessive resulting in a blend/intermeediate form of the two alleles eg: red and white flower with pink offspring |
| Co-Dominance | Neither allele is more dominant than the other so both are equally and individually expressed eg : Red cow and white cow produce roan calf |
| Linked genes | Genes located on the same chromosome, most often inherited together resulting in fewer combinations of alleles. |
| Multiple alleles | gene with a range of phenotypes ranging from discrete to extreme eg : cat coat colour ranging from full color to albino (no pigment) |
| Lethal allele | an alllele causing a phenotype resulting in death in any stage of life, can be dominant or recessive eg : manx cats, sickle cell anemia |
| Species | a group of organisims that can interbreed to produce viable offspring |
| Natural Selection | Individuals with favourable allels have greater fitness and are able to adapt or survive and pass on their stronger genes "survival of the fittest" |
| The Founder Effect | Small number of the population migrate and start a new population elsewhere, adapting differently in the new enviroment. If there is reproductive isolation a new species can be formed over time. |
| The Bottleneck effect | A significant amount of the population are wiped out (natural disaster, predators ect) Survivors can breed but a smaller gene pool will remain |
| Genetic Drift | Random loss of indiduals from a population resulting in a changed allele frequency only has a significant effect on small populations. |
Created by:
chloe.ororke
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