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Science 8 Chapter 13
Stars and Galaxies
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| A large, spherical mass of gas that fives off light and other types of radiation. | Star |
| A group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky that looks like a familiar object, animal, or character. | Constellation |
| Ameasure of the amount of light a star actually gives off. | Absolute Magnitude |
| A measure of the amount of light from a star that is received on Earth. | Apparent Magnitude |
| The unit representing the distance light travels in one year, used to record distances between stars and galaxies. | Light-year |
| A repeating sequence of events, such as the sunspot cycle. | Cycle |
| The lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere. It gives off light. | Photosphere |
| The layer of the Sun's atmosphere above the photosphere. | Chromosphere |
| The outermost, largest layer of the sun's atmosphere. It extends millions of km into space. | Corona |
| Areas on the Sun's surface that are cooler and less bright than surrounding areas, are caused by the Sun's magnetic field, and occur in cycles. | Sunspot |
| An attractive force between objects that have mass. | Gravity |
| A large cloud of gas and dust that contracts under gravitational force and breaks apart into smaller pieces, each of which might collapse to form a star. | Nebula |
| A late stage in the life of a comparatively low-mass main sequence star in which hydrogen in the core is deleted, the core contracts and temperatures inside the star increase, causing its outer layers to expand and cool. | Giant |
| A late stage in the life cycle of a comparatively low-mass main sequence star. It's formed when its core depletes its helium and its outer layers escape into space, leaving behind a hot, dense core. | White Dwarf |
| A late stage in the life cycle of a massive star in which the core heats up, heavy elements form by fusion, and the star expands. | Supergiant |
| The collapsed core of a supernova that can shrink to about 20 km in diameter and contain only neutrons in the dense core. | Neutron Star |
| The final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core's mass collapses to a point that it's gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. | Black Hole |
| The space that contains all known matter and energy. | Universe |
| A large group of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity. | Galaxy |
| States that about 13.7 billion years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion. | Big Bang Theory |
Created by:
rwaters
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