ARE STRUCTURES IN THE CYTOPLASM OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS. THEY PERFORM ALL THE ACTIVIVITES NECESSARY FOR THE LIFE OF THE CELL. EACH ORGANELLE HAS A SPECIFIC STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION.

IS USUALLY THE LARGEST STRUCTURE IN A EUKARYOTIC CELL. IT CONTAINS MOST OF THE CELL'S DNA.

ENDOPLAMIC RETICULUM (ER)

IS AN ORGANELLE THAT MOVES MOLECULES, INCLUDING PROTEINS, FROM ONE PART OF THE CELL TO ANOTHER. ROUCH ERIS COVERD WITH RIBOSOMES. SMOOTH ER MAKES PROTEIN USEABLE AND CONTAINS ENZYMES TO MAKE LIPIDS.

IS AN ORGANELLE THAT TAKES PROTEINS MADE IN THE ER, SORTS THEM, AND ATTACHES CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS TO THEM. THEN IT REPACKAGES THE PROTEINS AND SENDS THEM TO OTHER PARTS OF THE CELL.

ARE ORGANELLES THAT CONVERT GLUCOSE MOLECULES TO ENERGY IN THE FORM OF ATP, WHICH IS THE CELL'S MAIN ENERGY SOURCE.

IS A STRUCTURE IN A PLANT CELL THAT PROTECTS AND SUPPORTS THE PLANT.

IS THE ORGANELLE IN PLANT CELLS WHERE PHOTOSYNTHESIS TAKES PLACE. PLANTS USE THE CARBOHYDRATES PRODUCED IN THE PROCESS FOR ENERGY AND TO MAKE OTHER MATERIALS FOR THE CELL.

IS A MEMBRANE-BOUND SAC IN A PLANT CELL THAT ACTS AS A STORAGE AREA.

IS A PROCESS BY WHICH ORGANISMS KEEP INTERNAL CONDITIONS RELATIVELY STABLE REGARDLESS OF CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT. IT IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE THE PROCUESSES THAT KEEP THE CELL ALIVE CAN ONLY TAKE PLACE UNDER CERTAIN INTERNAL CONDITIONS.

MOVE IT FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER.

IS THE MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE WITHOUT USING THE CELL'S ENERGY.

IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH MATERALS SPREAD OUT FROM AREAS WHERE THERE ARE MORE OF THEM TO AREAS WHERE THERE ARE FEWER OF THEM. IT IS THE SIMPLEST FORM OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT.

IS THE DIFFUSION OF WATER ACROSS A SELECTVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.

IS A FORM OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT IN WHICH MOLECULES ARE HELPED ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE BY CARRIER PROTEINS.

IS THE MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS FOR AN AREA WHERE THERE ARE FEWER OF THEM TO AN AREA WHERE THERE ARE MORE OF THEM. IT REQUIRES ENERGY AND, POSSIBLY, A CARRIER PROTEIN.

IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH A CELL COMPLETELY SURRONDS A SUBSTANCE TO MOVE MATERIALS INTO THE CELL.

IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH A VESICLE IN A CELL JOINS WITH THE CELL MEMBRANE AND THEN RELEASES ITS CONTENTS TO THE OUTSIDE ENVIRONMENT.

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STAAR Biology

Lessons 3-4 Vocabulary

Term	Definition
ORAGANELLES	ARE STRUCTURES IN THE CYTOPLASM OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS. THEY PERFORM ALL THE ACTIVIVITES NECESSARY FOR THE LIFE OF THE CELL. EACH ORGANELLE HAS A SPECIFIC STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION.
NUCLEUS	IS USUALLY THE LARGEST STRUCTURE IN A EUKARYOTIC CELL. IT CONTAINS MOST OF THE CELL'S DNA.
ENDOPLAMIC RETICULUM (ER)	IS AN ORGANELLE THAT MOVES MOLECULES, INCLUDING PROTEINS, FROM ONE PART OF THE CELL TO ANOTHER. ROUCH ERIS COVERD WITH RIBOSOMES. SMOOTH ER MAKES PROTEIN USEABLE AND CONTAINS ENZYMES TO MAKE LIPIDS.
GOLGI APPARATUS	IS AN ORGANELLE THAT TAKES PROTEINS MADE IN THE ER, SORTS THEM, AND ATTACHES CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS TO THEM. THEN IT REPACKAGES THE PROTEINS AND SENDS THEM TO OTHER PARTS OF THE CELL.
MITOCHONDRIA	ARE ORGANELLES THAT CONVERT GLUCOSE MOLECULES TO ENERGY IN THE FORM OF ATP, WHICH IS THE CELL'S MAIN ENERGY SOURCE.
CELL WALL	IS A STRUCTURE IN A PLANT CELL THAT PROTECTS AND SUPPORTS THE PLANT.
CHLOROPLAST	IS THE ORGANELLE IN PLANT CELLS WHERE PHOTOSYNTHESIS TAKES PLACE. PLANTS USE THE CARBOHYDRATES PRODUCED IN THE PROCESS FOR ENERGY AND TO MAKE OTHER MATERIALS FOR THE CELL.
CENTRAL VACUOLE	IS A MEMBRANE-BOUND SAC IN A PLANT CELL THAT ACTS AS A STORAGE AREA.
HOMEOSTASIS	IS A PROCESS BY WHICH ORGANISMS KEEP INTERNAL CONDITIONS RELATIVELY STABLE REGARDLESS OF CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT. IT IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE THE PROCUESSES THAT KEEP THE CELL ALIVE CAN ONLY TAKE PLACE UNDER CERTAIN INTERNAL CONDITIONS.
TRANSPORT	MOVE IT FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT	IS THE MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE WITHOUT USING THE CELL'S ENERGY.
DIFFUSION	IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH MATERALS SPREAD OUT FROM AREAS WHERE THERE ARE MORE OF THEM TO AREAS WHERE THERE ARE FEWER OF THEM. IT IS THE SIMPLEST FORM OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT.
OSMOSIS	IS THE DIFFUSION OF WATER ACROSS A SELECTVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.
FACILTATED DIFFUSION	IS A FORM OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT IN WHICH MOLECULES ARE HELPED ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE BY CARRIER PROTEINS.
ACTIVE TRANSPORT	IS THE MOVEMENT OF MATERIALS FOR AN AREA WHERE THERE ARE FEWER OF THEM TO AN AREA WHERE THERE ARE MORE OF THEM. IT REQUIRES ENERGY AND, POSSIBLY, A CARRIER PROTEIN.
ENDOCYTOSIS	IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH A CELL COMPLETELY SURRONDS A SUBSTANCE TO MOVE MATERIALS INTO THE CELL.
EXOCYTOSIS	IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH A VESICLE IN A CELL JOINS WITH THE CELL MEMBRANE AND THEN RELEASES ITS CONTENTS TO THE OUTSIDE ENVIRONMENT.

Created by: jaebird124

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