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Stack #1242638

Exam III Answers

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following statements about mitosis is true? two genetically identical daughter cells are formed
DNA replication occurs during the S phase
A typical cell cycle consists of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
Bacteria typically have _____, whereas eukaryotes have _____. one chromosome that is circular; many chromosomes that are linear
A mechanism for increasing the genetic diversity of offspring is sexual reproduction
During meiosis, the sister chromatids separate during anaphase II
The number of chromosomes is reduced to half during meiosis I
One difference between mitosis and meiosis I is that homologous chromosome pairs synapse during meiosis but not during mitosis
The process of programmed cell death is called apoptosis
The fact that most monosomies and trisomies are lethal to human embryos illustrates the importance of the orderly distribution of genetic material during the meiosis
Which of the following is not a characteristic that makes an organism suitable for genetic studies? a small number of chromosomes
The physical appearance of a character is called the phenotype
Segregation of alleles occurs during gamete formation
Mendel's dihybrid crosses all of the above
In dogs, phenotype A is caused by dominant alleles; phenotype B is caused by recessive alleles. A dog that is homozygous for both traits of A is mated to a dog with B. If the genes for the two traits are unlinked, which of the following is expected? 16:0
One of the major contributions of Mendel to the study of genetics was the use of statistics and probability to analyze data
Which of the following statements about Mendelian genetics is false? only two alleles can exist for a given gene
The ABO blood group in humans are determined by a multiple allelic system in which IA and IB are codominant and are dominant to iO. If an infant born to a type O mother also is type O, possible genotypes for the father are O, A, or B
Very few genes have been located on the Y chromosomes. Y-linked genes include a gene called testis-specific protein Y. A male with this gene will only pass the gene to his sons
Which of the following organelles contain DNA? a, b, and c
In the 1920s, circumstantial evidence indicated that DNA was the genetic material. Which of the following experiments led to the acceptance of this hypothesis? a, b, and c
A deoxyribose nucleotide is a deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base and a phosphate
The rungs of the DNA ladder are pairs of bases
The DNA isolated from a newly discovered virus is found to be 32 percent A, 18 percent C, 18 percent G, and 32 percent T. The base composition of the complementary DNA would be _____ percent A, _____ percent C, _____ percent G, and _____ percent T. 32; 18; 18; 32
The force of _____ holds DNA together in a double helix. hydrogen bonds
At the end of DNA replication, two DNA molecules are produced, each one consisting of a parental DNA strand and a new DNA strand. This process is known as semiconservative replication
The enzyme that restores the phosphodiester linkage between adjacent fragments in the lagging strand during DNA replication is DNA ligase
Which of the following is the correct order of events for synthesis of the lagging strand? primase adds RNA primer, DNA polymerase III creates a stretch, DNA polymerase I removes the primer, and ligase seals the gaps
During replication, the new DNA strand is synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction
The first repair of mistakes during DNA replication is made by DNA polymerase
Genetic material is composed of DNA
How does RNA differ from DNA? RNA contains uracil instead of thymine and it is usually single-stranded
Which of the following molecules transfers information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm? mRNA
The adapters that allow translation of the four-letter nucleic acid language into the 20-letter protein language are called transfer RNAs
Which of the following statements about the flow of genetic information is true? DNA encodes information that is translated into RNA, and RNA encodes information that is translated into proteins
Transcription is the process of synthesizing an RNA molecule using a DNA template
Errors in transcription are not as potentially harmful as errors in DNA replication because a and b are correct
The genetic code is best described as redundant but not ambiguous
RNA processing in eukaryotes involves the all of the above
Exons are translated
What events must take place to ensure that the protein made is the one specified by mRNA? both a and b
The difference between mRNA and tRNA is that both a and b
Ribosomes are a collection of _____ that are needed for _____. proteins and small RNAs; translation
mRNA is synthesized in the _____ direction, which corresponds to the _____ of the protein. 5' to 3'; N terminus to C terminus
Viruses that violate the "central dogma" through the use of an enzyme that makes DNA copies of an RNA molecule are called retroviruses
Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that is passed on from one organism to another
Silent mutations have no effect on amino acid sequences. This is due to the fact that silent mutations are usually found in noncoding regions of DNA
The type of mutation that involves the insertion or a deletion of a single base in the coding region of proteins is called a point mutation
Single base changes in the coding regions of proteins can cause all of the above
Spontaneous mutations may be caused by all of the following except free radicals changing the base structure so it is unrecognizable by DNA polymerase
Created by: halesswaf
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