Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #1242637
Exam II Answers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The basic structural and physiological unit of all living organisms is the | cell |
| What is the major distinction between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell? | a prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, whereas a eukaryotic cell does |
| Some organelles in eukaryotic cells are thought to have | originated from endosymbiotic relationships |
| Which of the following organelles were once independent prokaryote organisms? | mitochondria and choloroplasts |
| The DNA of prokaryotic cells is found in the | nucleoid region |
| The role of organelles is to | increase the efficiency of cellular activities |
| A large organelle found in eukaryotic cells that genetically controls the cell's activities is the | nucleus |
| Ribosomes are not found in | the golgi apparatus |
| Which type of organelle is found in plants but not in animals? | plastids |
| One difference between plant and animal cells is that | only animal cells contain centrioles |
| The compounds in biological membranes that form a barrier to the movement of hydrophilic materials across the membrane are | lipids |
| Biological membranes are composed of | lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| In biological membranes, the phospholipids are arranged in a _____, with the _____. | bilayer; fatty acids pointing toward each other |
| A concentration gradient of glucose across a membrane means that | glucose molecules are more crowded on one side of the membrane than on the other |
| Active transport usually moves molecules | in a direction opposite to the one in which diffusion moves them |
| Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis all involve | the intake of large particles |
| For each molecule of ATP consumed during active transport of sodium and potassium, there is an import of _____ ion(s) and an export of _____ ion(s). | two K+; three Na+ |
| One result of the movement of ions through ion channels is the creation of a membrane potential. The membrane potential is | a charge imbalance across the plasma membrane |
| The diffusion between osmosis and diffusion is that | osmosis refers specifically to the movement of water, whereas diffusion is the movement of molecules |
| When placed in a hypertonic solution, animal cells | shrink |
| Which of the following represents potential energy? | all of the above |
| The sum total of all the chemical reactions in a living structure is called its | metabolism |
| When ADP gains a phosphate to form ATP, | energy is consumed |
| Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is endergonic, whereas the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic. The two reactions are therefore said to be | coupled |
| How does the second law of thermodynamics apply to organisms? | to maintain order, life requires a constant input of energy |
| Which of the following statements about enzymes is false? | most enzymes are much smaller than their substances |
| How do competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors differ? | competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, whereas noncompetitive inhibitors change the shape of the active site |
| Negative feedback in a sequence of chemical reactions involves a chemical that appears _____ in the sequence and _____ reaction. | late; inhibits an earlier |
| Enzymes are sensitive to | all of the above |
| If ^G of a chemical reaction is negative and the change in entropy is positive, you can conclude that the reaction | is exergonic |
| In all cells, glucose metabolism begins with | glycolysis |
| Which of the following processes occurs when oxygen is unavailable? | fermentation |
| NAD | is a key electron carrier in redox reactions |
| Glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate, ATP, and NADH. The process requires | 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions, each reaction dependent on the products of the previous reaction to proceed |
| ATP is used to drive the first five reactions of glycolysis because | the breakdown of ATP to ADP is exergonic |
| The end result of glycolysis is the | formation of 2 molecules of pyruvate |
| Substrate-level phosphorylation is the transfer of a(n) | phosphate to an ADP |
| The citric acid cycle begins with | acetyl CoA |
| Water is a by-product of cellular respiration. The water is produced as a result of the | reduction of oxygen at the end of the electron transport chain |
| The oxidizing agent at the end of the electron transport chain is | O2 |
| Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is false? | photosynthesis is the reverse of cellular respiration |
| The first phase of photosynthesis, a series of reactions that requires the absorption of photons to form ATP and NADPH, is referred to as the _____ phase. | light reactions (or photophosphorylation) |
| Which of the following occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? | CO2 is converted into sugars |
| Plants are green because | chlorophylls absorb blue and orange-red wavelengths of light and reflect green light |
| Cyclic electron transport | all of the above |
| Photosynthesis and respiration have which of the following in common? | a, b, and c |
| The energy source for the synthesis of carbohydrates in the Calvin cycle is | NADPH and ATP |
| The enzyme rubisco is found in | chloroplasts |
| Which of the following biological groups is dependent on photosynthesis for its survival? | all of the above |
| Photosynthesis | utilizes only a small portion of the energy of sunlight |
Created by:
halesswaf
Popular Biology sets