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trimester 2 grade 6
final review
| question | answer |
|---|---|
| What type of chemical weathering causes caverns to form? | Acids in ground water weather limestone |
| What type of weathering is responsible for tree roots slowly breaking down rock? | mechanical |
| Definition of climate | average weather conditions of an area over a long period of time |
| differential weathering | process by which softer less weatherresistant rocks wear away and leave harder more weatherresistant rocks |
| erosion | process by which wind water or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| examples of chemical weathering | water, acids in ground water, acids in living things, air |
| how does the size of a rock determine the rate at which the rock is weathered? | greater the proportion of the rock that is exposed to weathering, the faster the rock will wear down. A large rock has a large surface area exposed to weathering |
| abrasion | grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through the mechanical action of other rock or sand particles |
| 3 factors that affect angle of repose | size, shape, weight |
| true or false: energy is released when waves break. | true |
| how do waves make sand? | when waves crash into rock over long periods of time the rock breaks down into smaller pieces |
| explain process of sand dunes being formed and moving | when wind hits an obstacle it slows down and deposits the heaviest material on top of the obstacle. As the obstacle gets larger it causes the wind to slow and deposit more, forming a mound |
| glacier | an enormous mass of moving ice |
| 2 types of glaciers? | continental and alpine |
| continental glacier | spread across entire continent and produce flattened landscapes |
| alpine glacier | form in mountainous areas and produce rugged landscapes |
| beach | any area of shoreline that is made up of material deposited by waves |
| saltation | movement of sand or other sediments by short jumps and bounces that is caused by wind or water |
| which type of glacier forms large flat areas? | continental |
| 3 factors that affect rate of stream erosion | gradient discharge and load |
| alluvial fan | form on dry land |
| delta | form in water |
| what causes streams to flood | high rain periods or rapid snow melt increases the amount of water in a stream and it may overflow |
| Describe the Coriolis effect | The rotation of the earth causes the currents and winds to be deflected. The currents turn to the right (N. hemisphere) or left (S. hemisphere) instead of traveling straight |
| convection currents transfer | energy as they flow/in the form of heat |
| list three factors that control surface currents | global winds, the Coriolis effect, and continental deflections |
| what do convection currents transport | energy as they flow/ in the form of heat |
| what happens to water as it gets more dense | it sinks |
| what two gases make up most of the world's atmosphere | nitrogen (78%) oxygen (21%) |
| list the layers of the atmosphere from the lowest to the highest | troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere |
| what is radiation | transfer of energy as waves through space or matter - the sun's hear waves |
| what is conduction | transfer of energy as heat through a material- pan on the stove and handle is hot |
| what is convection | transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of a gas or liquid-pot of boiling water |
| what does the ozone layer do to harmful UV radiation | it absorbs harmful U.V. (ultraviolet) radiation |
| describe the greenhouse effect | solar energy passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by atmospheric gases and by earth's surface. atmospheric gases and earth's surface reradiate the solar energy as heat. the heat is transferred through earth's atmosphere. |
| how does the greenhouse effect affect global warming | An increase in the amount of greenhouse gases may cause global warming because the gases absorb more heat. |
| what causes wind | differences in air pressure |
| how does the Coriolis Effect influence wind direction | it causes the winds to curve off its straight path because of the Earth's rotation |
| what are trade winds | global winds near the equator that are polar easterlies |
| global winds that blow almost to the equator from 30 degrees latitude | trade winds |
| air tends to move from regions of higher ___________ to lower ______________ | pressure areas; pressure areas |
| define the water cycle | the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, lands, and oceans |
| explain evaporation | process in which liquid water changes into gaseous water vapor |
| explain percolation | downward movement of water through pores andother spaces in soil and is due to gravity |
| explain condensation | the change from a gas to a liquid |
| explain runoff | water moving over the land surface |
| list and describe three processes that actively shape the California landscape | waves, wind, glaciers, mass movement, rivers, and streams, and floods |
Created by:
angiesthompson
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