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Lecture 11

Lecture 11: The Endocrine System

QuestionAnswer
Hormone acts at long distances form where it has been released
Autocrine Molecules act upon the same cells that secrete them
Paracrine Molecules act on different cells from the ones that secrete them but act at a very short distance
Skin Vitamin D3, Small intestine
Adrenal cortex Glucocorticoids, aldosterone, androgens/ liver, kidneys, other tissue
Adrenal Medulla Epinepherine/ heart and blood vessels
Pancreas (Islet of Langherans) Insulin, glucagon/ liver, adipose tissue, many organs
Ovaries estradiol, progesterone/ female reproductive tract and mammary gland
Testis Testosterone/ prostate, seminal vesicles, muscle, and bone
Pineal Gland Melatonin/ hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
Thyroid T4, T3, Calcitonin/ most organs
Parathyroid PTH/ bone, small intestine, kidney
Adenohypophysis Trophic hormones/ other endocrine glands and organs
Neurohypophysis Oxytocin, Vasopressin (ADH)/ uterus, mammary gland, kidneys, and blood vessels
Hypothalamus Releasing and Inhibiting hormones/ Anterior pituitary
Kidneys Erythropietin/ bone marrow
Heart Atrial natriuretic peptide/ kidneys
Prehormones non bioactivated hormones
Sensitization up-regulation, an increase in the number of receptors
Desensitization down-regulation, decrease in the number of receptors
Affinity the concentration of hormone needed to occupy 50% of the receptor
Sensitivity hormone concentration required to produce a half-maximal physiological response
Created by: rlmurp09
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