A tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are produced.

The process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism.

A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell.

A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person's cells.

An illness that can pass from one organism to another.

A poison that can harm an organism.

The region of a cell located inside the cell membrane (in prokaryotes) or between the cell membrane and nucleus (in eukaryotes); contains a gel-like material and cell structures.

Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes.

A long, whip-like structure that helps a cell to move.

The process of breaking down food to release its energy.

A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.

Antibiotic resistance

The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic.

An organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for a virus or other organism to live.

A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.

An organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organisms and returns important materials to the soil and water.

A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.

An organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host.

A substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease-causing viruses and organisms.

A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.

A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food.

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Chapter 5

Viruses and Bacteria

Term	Definition
Ribosome	A tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are produced.
Conjugation	The process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism.
Endospore	A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell.
Antibiotic	A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person's cells.
Infectious Disease	An illness that can pass from one organism to another.
Toxin	A poison that can harm an organism.
Cytoplasm	The region of a cell located inside the cell membrane (in prokaryotes) or between the cell membrane and nucleus (in eukaryotes); contains a gel-like material and cell structures.
Bacteria	Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes.
Flagellum	A long, whip-like structure that helps a cell to move.
Respiration	The process of breaking down food to release its energy.
Virus	A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.
Antibiotic resistance	The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic.
Host	An organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for a virus or other organism to live.
Sexual reproduction	A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.
Decomposer	An organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organisms and returns important materials to the soil and water.
Binary Fission	A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
Parasite	An organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host.
Bacteriophage	A virus that infects bacteria.
Vaccine	A substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease-causing viruses and organisms.
Asexual reproduction	A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
Pasteurization	A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food.

Created by: bwise

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