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Crick Digestive 2013
Digestive System Lecture Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Describe why food passing through the digestive tract is not really in the body? | The body is like a tube, the food passes through the middle of the tube. |
| 2. What are the 4 major macro molecules that make up life? | carbs, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids |
| 3. Where does amylase come from and what is its job? | saliva component- digests starches |
| 4. How do the muscles at the top of the pharynx compare to the muscles in the lower pharynx? | voluntary at the top, becoming involuntary towards the bottom |
| 5. What do you call the “valves” at the entrance and exit of the stomach? | spinchters |
| 6. In the stomach, what structures provide mechanical digestion? | muscle |
| 7. In the stomach, what kinds of cells produce digestive juices? | chief and parietal |
| 8. What keeps the digestive juices from dissolving the stomach lining? | mucous |
| 9. What is produced by chief cells? | pepsin |
| 10. What is produced by parietal cells? | hydrochloric acid |
| 11. What does the HCl provide for digestion? | acidic environment for the pepsin |
| 12. What does pepsin do for the digestive process? | disassemble large proteins |
| 13. When food leaves the stomach, it empties into the first section of the small intestine called the ___. | duodenum |
| 14. The gall bladder deposits ____ into the duodenum. | bile salts |
| 15. Bile salts (or bile) dissolve ____. | lipids |
| 16. The pancreas next deposits what 4 digestive juices into the digestive tract? | lipase, amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin |
| 17. Lipase is a pancreatic juice that __ | break down lipids |
| 18. Amylase is a pancreatic juice that __ | break down carbs |
| 19. Trypsin is a pancreatic juice that __ | amino acids |
| 20. Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic juice that __ | amino acids |
| 21. All of the pancreatic juices are examples of __ | enzymes |
| 22. After the food leaves the duodenum, it enters the __ and __ | jejunum and ileum |
| 23. In the jejunum and the ileum, nutrients are absorbed by the intestines by ___ and ___. | Diffusion and active transport |
| 24. What are the 3 segments of the colon? | ascending, transverse, descending |
| 25. What is left over from the digestive process in the small intestine becomes waste, and is pushed into the ___ | large intestine or colon |
| 26. What happens to extra water in the waste while in the colon? | it is absorbed into the body |
| 27. Bacteria that live in the colon remove what as the waste passes through? | vitamins |
Created by:
russcrick
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