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Janssen-Inheritance

Chapter 11 Biology, Complex Inheritance & Human Heredity

QuestionAnswer
What English physician studied alkaptonuria? Dr. Archibald Garrod
What enzyme deficiency disorder causes black urine? alkaptonuria
Which genotype expresses a recessive trait? homozygous recessive
An individual who is heterozygous for a recessive disorder is known as this. carrier
What is one of the most common recessive genetic disorders among Caucasians? cystic fibrosis
Which ions are not absorbed into the body cells in persons with cystic fibrosis? chloride
What disorder is characterized by the absence of pigment in hair and eyes and is caused by altered genes? albinism
Which genetic disorder is characterized by a dark red spot on the back of the eye & is more common among Eastern European Jews? Tay Sachs
Which genetic disease is caused by the absence of enzymes responsible for breaking down fatty acids called gangliosides? Tay Sachs
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the body's inability to digest galactose? galactosemia
Between what ages do the symptoms of Huntington's disease appear? 30-50
Achondroplasia is the most common form of what? dwarfism
What percent of individuals with achondroplasia are born to parents of average size? 75%
What is a diagram that traces the inheritance of a trait through several generations called? pedigree
In a pedigree, what does a square stand for? male
In a pedigree, what does a circle stand for? female
In a pedigree, what does a horizontal line connecting one male and one female stand for? parents
In a pedigree, what do Roman numerals stand for? generations
In a pedigree, what do Arabic numerals stand for? birth order
What is the disorder in which persons have extra fingers or toes? polydactyly
Is polydactyly dominant or recessive? dominant
What is the term for the intermediate phenotype that is expressed when 2 homozygous phenotypes are crossed? incomplete dominance
What is the term for both alleles being expressed in the heterozygous organism? codominance
What disorder is characterized by C-shaped red blood cells? sickle cell disease
If a person has sickle cell disease, what other disease are they immune to? malaria
How many forms of alleles express human blood types? 3
Which blood protein factor is dominant? Rh+
How many possible gentotypes exist for rabbit coat color? 10
How many possible phenotypes exist for rabbit coat color? 4
What is the term for one allele hiding the effects of another ellele? epistasis
How many pairs of sex cells do normal humans have? 1
What are the 22 pairs of chromosomes called (the ones that are not sex chromosomes)? autosomes
What combination of sex chromosomes indicates a male organism? XY
What combination of sex chromosomes indicates a female organism? XX
What is another name for inactivated X chromosmes? Barr bodies
What is it called when one X chromosome stops working almost completely? dosage compensation
What are traits controlled by genes located on the X chromosome called? sex-linked traits
What is the disorder characterized by delayed clotting of the blood? hemophilia
Sex-linked disorders being expressed are more common in which sex? males
What is it called when multiple pairs of genes interact? polygenic traits
What is the diagram called when pairs of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size? karyotype
What are the protective end caps of chromosomes called? telomeres
What are telomeres made of? DNA & protein
What is it called when sister chromatids fail to separate? nondisjunction
Down syndrome results in an extra copy of which chromosome? 21
What is the term for 3 copies of a chromosome? trisomy
What is the term for only 1 copy of a chromosome? monosomy
What syndrome is characterized by a female having only 1 X chromosome? Turner's
What syndrome is characterized by a male having 2 X chromosome? Klinefelter's
Created by: jjanssen33
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