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MFR#7
Pharmacology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| AKA Nitrostat, is a smooth muscle relaxant that reduces peripheral vascular resistance, BP, venous return, and cardiac workload. | Nitroglycerin |
| Indicated for chest pain associated w angina and AMI, acute pulmonary edema. | Nitroglycerin |
| Contraindicated for tolerance to nitrates, severe anemia, head trauma, hypotension, increased ICP, pts taking sildenafil, glaucoma, shock. | Nitroglycerin |
| May induce headache, sometimes severe, is light sensitive and will lose potency when exposed to the air. | Nitroglycerin |
| Dosed at 1 tab (.4mg) up to 3 tabs, or 1 spray (.4mg) up to 3 sprays in 15min or half- 1 inch topical ointment. | Nitroglycerin |
| A self administered analgesic gas composed of 50% oxygen and 50% Nitrous oxide. | Nitrous Oxide |
| AKA Nitronox its effects only last 2-5min after administration ceases. | Nitrous Oxide |
| Indicated for musculoskeletal, burn, and ischemic chest pain, severe anxiety (including hyperventilation) | Nitrous Oxide |
| Contraindicated for possible bowel obstruction, pneumothorax or tension pneumothorax, COPD, head injury, impaired mental status, drug intoxication. | Nitrous Oxide |
| Self administered inhalation until pain is relieved or the pt drops the mask. | Nitrous Oxide |
| A naturally occuring catecholemine and causes vasoconstriction, cardiac stimulation, and increased BP, myocardial O2 demand, and coronary blood flow. | Norepinephrine |
| Indications Refractory hypotension and neurogenic shock. | Norepinephrine |
| Contraindicates of hypotension due to hypovolemia. | Norepinephrine |
| AKA Levophed dosed at 0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min IV/IO, titrated to response. | Norepinephrine |
| AKA Zofran is a selective seretonin receptor antagonist preventing nausea and vomiting. | Ondansetron |
| Indicated for nausea and vomiting. | Ondansetron |
| Cautioned for pregnancy, nursing mothers, and kids under 3. | Ondansetron |
| Dosage of 4-8mg IV over 1-5min | Ondansetron |
| An oderless, colorless, tasteless gas, essential for life, one of the most important emergency drugs. | Oxygen |
| Indicated for anticipated hypoxia, or in any medical or trauma pt to improve respiratory eficiency. | Oxygen |
| Cautioned for COPD, and very prolonged administration of high concentrations in the newborn. | Oxygen |
| Dosage is 100% by inhalation or IPPV. | Oxygen |
| A naturally occuring hormone, AKA Pitocin, that causes the uterus to contract, therby inducing labor, encouraging delivery of the placenta, and controlling post partum hemorrhage. | Oxytocin |
| Indicated for severe postpartum hemorrhage. | Oxytocin |
| Contraindicated in prehospital administration before delivery on infant/s | Oxytocin |
| Dosage of 3-10units IM afer delivery of the placenta. 10-20units in 500ml of D5W or NS IV titrated to effect. | Oxytocin |
| A nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocked that causes paraylis wo bronchospasm or hypotension. | Pancuronium |
| It does not cause the facilitations associated w polarizing agents. | Pancuronium |
| Indicatd to facilitate endotracheal intubation. | Pancuronium |
| Contraindicated for bromides or tachycardia. | Pancuronium |
| Dosage of .04-0.1mg/kg IV | Pancuronium |
| A long acting barbiturate anticonvulsant w sedative and hypnotic effects that limits the spread of seizure activity. | Phenobarbital |
| Indicated for seizures, status epilepticus, acute anxiety. | Phenobarbital |
| Contraindicated for hypersensitivity to barbiturates. | Phenobarbital |
| Dosage of 100-300mg slow IV/IM | Phenobarbital |
| Is a derivative related to phenobarbital that reduces the spread of electrical discharges in the motor cortex and inhibits seizures. | Phenytoin |
| It also has antidysrhythmic properties that "could depress spontaneous ventricular depolarization." | Phenytoin |
| Indicated for seizures, status epilepticus, cardiac dysrhythmias secondary to digitalis toxicity. | Phenytoin |
| Contraindicated for seizures due to hypoglycemia, sinus brady, heart block, Adams-Stokes syndrome | Phenytoin |
| AKA Dilantin is dosed at 15-18mg/kg slow IV for seizures/status epilepticus. | Phenytoin |
| Give 100mg slow IV (over 5 min) to a max 1000mg for dysrhythmias. | Phenytoin |
| Reactivates cholinesterase and reinstitutes the degrading of acetylcholine and restores normal neuromuscular transmission. | Pralidoxime |
| Used to reverse severe organophosphate poisoning. | Pralidoxime |
| Indicated for Organophosphate poisoning | Pralidoxime |
| Contraindicated for carbamate insecticides (Sevin) inorganic phosphates, and organophosphates wo anticholinesterase activity. | Pralidoxime |
| Contraindicated for asthma, peptic ulcer disease, severe cardiac disease, or pts receiving aminophylline, theophylline, morphine, succinylcholine, resperidine, or phenothiazines. | Pralidoxime |
| AKA 2-PAM is dosed at 1-2g in 250-500ml NS infused over 30 min, or 1-2g I /CQ if IV not feasible. | Pralidoxime |
| Is an antidysrhythmic that prolongs ventricular repolarization, slows conduction, and decreases myocardial excitability. | Procainamide |
| Indicated for V-Fib and Pulseless V-Tach refractory to lidocaine | Procainamide |
| AKA Pronestyl, it is dosed at 20mg/min IV drip up to 17mg/kg to effect, then 1-4mg/min | Procainamide |
| An anticholinergic agent that enhances the effects of analgesics and is a potent antiemetic. | Promethazine |
| Indicated for nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, to enhance the effects of analgesics, to induce sedation. | Promethazine |
| Contraindicated for hypersensitivity to phenothiazines. | Promethazine |
| AKA Phenergan, it is dosed at 12.5-25mg IV/IM/PR | Promethazine |
Created by:
pinky36
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