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Ch.10 Ecosystems Voc
Focus on California Earth Science 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| organism | a living thing |
| habitat | an environment that provides the thing an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
| biotic factor | a living part of an organism's habitat |
| abiotic factor | a nonliving part of an organism's habitat |
| photosynthesis | the process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food |
| species | a group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| population | all the members of one species in a particular area |
| community | all the different populations that live together in an area |
| ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving surroundings |
| ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment |
| birth rate | the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time |
| death rate | the number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time |
| immigration | moving into a population |
| emigration | leaving a population |
| limiting factor | an environmental factor that causes a population to decrease |
| carrying capacity | the largest population that an area can support |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food |
| consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| herbivore | a consumer that eats only plants |
| carnivore | a consumer that eats only animals |
| omnivore | a consumer that eats both plants and animals |
| scavenger | a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| decomposer | an organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms |
| food chain | a series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy |
| food web | the pattern of overlapping food chains in an ecosystem |
| energy pyramid | a diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| natural selection | a process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others of the same species |
| adaptation | a behavior or physical characteristic that allows an organism to live successfully in its environment |
| niche | the role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living |
| competition | the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource |
| predation | an interaction in which one organism kills another for food |
| predator | the organism that does the killing in a predation interacction |
| prey | an orgainism that is killed and eaten by another organism |
| symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species |
| mutualism | a relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | a relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| parasitism | a relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it |
| parasite | the organism that benefits by living on or in a host in a parasitism interaction |
| host | the organism that a parasite lives in or on in a parasistism interaction. |
| nitrogen fixation | |
| succession | |
| primary succession | |
| pioneer species | |
| secondary succession |
Created by:
mushijima
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