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theorists/groups
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Erickson | Developmental stage/2 outcomes positive or negative Trust/Mistrust, Autonomy/shame and doubt, Initiative/Guilt, Industry/Inferiority, Identity/role confusion, Intimacy/Isolation, Generativity/self-absorption, Integrity/Despair |
| Sullivan | Intrapersonal relationships,Grief-role disputes-role conflict-interpersonal deficit |
| Paplau | Nurse-patient relationship, nursing process, steps of care |
| Pavlov | classical conditioning, dog, unconscious response |
| Skinner | Operant conditioning: voluntary behaviors are learned through consequences and behavioral responses are elicited through reinforcement which causes a behavior to occur more frequently...+ or - reinforcement.provides method for replac/modify of behaviors |
| Maslow | Hierarchy of needs. What needs should come first (Humanistic theory) |
| Beck | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) How ppl behave is determined by the way they think about the world and their place in it. (Change way they think to decrease sxs) |
| Ellis | Rational-emotive behavior therapy, help recognize thoughts that are not accurate, sensible or useful: A (activating event) B (beliefs) C (emot'l consequence) |
| Freud | Father of psychology: psychosexual development Hypnosis, conscious, preconscious unconscious Personality structure: ID, Ego, Superego |
| Milieu | Hospital, controlled setting, allows for basic interventions in the nursing practice |
| Approaches to psychotherapy | Individual, group, cognitive, family, crisis intervention |
| Individual psychotherapy | Focus: why this is occurring, change thought/behavior and identify success Goals: improved functioning with good results....ST |
| Levels of individual therapy | Supportive: from therapist, relaxed Re-educative: new ways to teach change, goal oriented and intense Reconstructive: used with deep problems, 3-5 years, LT |
| Activity therapies | Increase client's awareness of feelings, behaviors, thoughts and sensations through: recreation, art, music, pets, dance, etc Allows pt to express, create, demonstrate strengths |
| Alternative therapies | Healing philosophies, therapies Acupuncture, massage, touch |
| Milieu | Nurse role: physiological needs, reality orientation, meds, one-on-one relationship, provide limits with behaviors, education, interaction, assist with atmosphere and culture |
| Principles of Milieu therapy: | Decor (calm colors) Safety (primary concern, locks) Spiritual |
| Therapeutic Groups | Group therapy, task groups, teaching groups, support groups (Breast Cancer), self-help (NA, AA) |
| Phases of group therapy: | Orientation, Working, Termination |
| Group therapy: | Meet with therapist, share and talk and add personal insight, develop functional relationships and relate openly |
| Yaloms's curative factors for group therapy: | Instill hope, universitality, imparting info., altruism (support), corrective recapitulation of family group, socialization techniques, imitative behavior, interpersonal learning, cohesiveness, catharsis, existential factors |
| Leadership styles: | Autocratic: control information given to group Democratic: encourage members to be involved Laissez-Faire: minimal direction from leader Constuctive feedback: letting ppl know how they affect e/o |
| Family therapy stages | Single young adult, newly married couple, family with young children, family with adolescents, family launching older children, family in later life |
| Major concepts of family therapy: | Differentiation of self (enmeshment) Triangles: 3 person emot'l figuration |
| Functional family: 6 elements | Communication, self-concept reinforcement, family member experience, handling differences, family interaction patterns, and family climate |
| Functional families also: | collaborate, accept, have affection, and can adapt: individuals need balance (homeostasis) |
| General Systems theory (family) | System: greater than the sum of all its parts, dynamic and ever changing: a change in one part changes another---need differentiation of self, while remaining in touch |
| Goals identification | Facilitate change in family structure: reduce dysfunctional behaviors, reduce conflict, encourage problem solving, and communication, heighten awareness of all members needs, coping with stress |
| Somatic Therapies: ECT | Not 1st line, safe, release of chemicals and NTs helps alleviate depression |
| ECT Pre procedure | Medically stable, EKG, lab work, educate, consent |
| ECT indications: | AXIS 1 (depression, suicidal, schizophrenia, bipolar) |
| ECT CIs: | ABSOOLUTE: increased ICP others: MI, severe osteoporosis |
| Nursing measures for ECT: | no anticonvulsants in past 12 hours and ativan, no smoking in past 12 hours, no anti-cholinergic meds Major SE: memory impairment and confusion Preop: IM/IV Robinul (dries up secretions) |
| Intra op: ECT | muscle relaxant (Anectine) and phenobarbital (anesthetic), bilateral or unilateral, 20-40 watts, seizure: 30 sec is therapeutic, may repeat, max in series is 200 seconds |
| Post op: ECT | VS q 15x2 and q 30x3, assess orientation, offer fluids, prior to DC ambulate, assure ride, appt for follow-up procedure, dr appt. RISKS: minimal--mortality due to CV complications |
Created by:
schimmal
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