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Cell Biology 2nd Exm
Chapter 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| amphipathic | Have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties |
| phospholipids | Provide basic structure and serve as a permeability barrier. What a cell makes in higher temps to reduce fluidity because it has more carbons and more saturation. |
| proteins | Provide most of the other functions of the membrane and give different membranes their individual characteristics |
| Singer and Nicholson | In 1972 came up with the Fluid Mosaic model (fluid like salad dressing): phospholipid bilayer that has proteins with very stable structures inserted in it. |
| cholesterol | Fills space between fatty acid tails which are saturated and those which are unsaturated, making it more rigid and less permeable |
| integral membrane proteins | Directly attach to membranes, need to disrupt the phospholipid bilayer to extract these proteins. |
| peripheral membrane proteins | Not directly attached to membranes and the phospholipid bilayer does not need to disrupted to extract. May be bound to an integral membrane protein by an ionic, hydrophobic, or hydrogen bond. |
| cell cortex | Framework of proteins attached to the membrane with transmembrane proteins to provide support by reinforcing the extremely thin and fragile plasma membrane. This protein framework is important for the cell to have proper shape. |
| plasma membrane | Fatty film so thin and transparent that it cannot be seen directly in the light of the light microscope. Structure is based on a two-ply sheet of lipid molecules about 5 nm - or 50 atoms - thick. Is penetrated by highly selective channels and pumps |
| lipid | Molecule that combines two very different properties: a hydrophilic ("water-loving") head and one or two hydrophobic ("water-fearing") hydrocarbon tails. |
| Mosaic | composed of many things |
| membrane proteins can function as | transporters receptors enzymes anchors |
| sterols | amphipathic membrane lipids |
| eukaryotic vs prokaryotic membranes | eukaryotic cells have internal membranes around their organelles |
| What are membranes composed of? | Lipids and proteins |
| membrane functions | -cell signaling -material import & export -cellular growth -mobility |
Created by:
GP1993
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