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IBReproductiveSystem
IB Biology: Reproductive System Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Draw and Label the Male Reproductive System | http://www.ibguides.com/images/male-reproductive-system.png |
| Name the functions of the following, Prostate, Bulbourethral Gland, Vans Deferens, Epididymis, Testes. | Prostate: secretes sperm nutrients Bulbourethral: Secretes alkaline fluid to neutralize urethra. Vans Deferens: Connects testicles to Urethra |
| Name the functions of the following, Prostate, Bulbourethral Gland, Vans Deferens, Epididymis, Testes. continued | Epididymis: Transports and storage of the sperm cells that a produce and brings the sperm to maturity. Testes: Where sperm and testosterone production takes place |
| Draw and Label the Female Reproductive System | http://www.ibguides.com/images/female-reproductive-system.png |
| Name the funtions of the following, Uterus, Ovary, Cervix and Bartholin's Gland. | Uterus:nurtures fertilized ovum that develops into the fetus and holds it till baby is mature enough for birth Ovary:home to maturing eggs Cervix:Entrance of the urterus, usually covered with mucus so sperm cannot enter Bartholin's Gland:Produces Muscu |
| What is Oogenesis | Only 1 egg is formed because of unequal distribution of cytoplasm. occurs in stages-- most of oogenesis before the girl is even born. the rest happens after the egg has been fertilized |
| What is Spermatogenesis | -Creates 4 sperm with equal cytoplasm -Occurs throughout a man's life -Happens in the Seminiferous Tubules |
| Explain the Process of Oogenesis Part 1 | -The process begins during fetal development, when a large number of cells (oogonia) are formed by mitosis before undergoing a period of growth |
| Explain the Process of Oogenesis Part 2 | -cells begin meiosis but are arrested in prophase I until puberty -follicles complete the first meiotic division to form two cells of unequal size |
| Explain the Process of Oogenesis Part 3 | -cell with less cytoplasm is polar body, while the larger cell forms a secondary oocyte -secondary oocyte begins the second meiotic division but is arrested in prophase II |
| Explain the Process of Oogenesis Part 4 | -It is released from the ovary (ruptured follicle develops into corpus luteum) and, if fertilisation occurs, will complete meiosis |
| Explain the Process of Spermatogenesis Part 1 | -Spermatogenesis describes the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules of the testes -first stage of sperm production requires the division of germline epithelium by mitosis, spermatogonia then undergoes a period of growth |
| Explain the Process of Spermatogenesis Part 2 | -followed by two meiotic divisions that result in four haploid daughter cells -haploid cells then differentiate to form sperm cells |
| Explain the Process of the Ovarian Cycle Part 1 | 1. Hypothalamus releases GnRH 2. GnRH stimulates anterior pituitary gland to secrete LH and FSH 3. FSH causes follicle growth |
| Explain the Process of the Ovarian Cycle Part 2 | 4. Follicle begins to produce estrogen -----estrogen levels rise -----part of ovarian cycle where oocytes grow and mature -----Estrogen has positive feedback with hypothalamus and A.P. |
| Explain the Process of the Ovarian Cycle Part 3 | 5. Estrogen levels spike ---> spike in FSH and LH 6. LH spike causes ovary to rupture (ovulation) 7. LH then turns the follicle into the corups luteum -----estrogen and progesterone are produced -----these hormones have negative feedback now |
| Explain the Menstrual Cycle Part 1 | 1. Estrogen and Progesterone from corpus luteum travel to uterus to prepare it for the egg 2. Estrogen thickens the uterus wall (called endometrium) |
| Explain the Menstrual Cycle Part 2 | 3. Glands secrete fluid that sustains the embryo 4. If the egg is not fertilized, the endometrium begins to break down and shed- resulting in a period |
| Fertilization and Birth Part 1 | - Takes hundreds of sperm to eat away at the jelly coating of the egg (called the zona pellucida) - Many cells surround the zona pellucida block some sperm Ovulation->fertilization ablastacist implants in uterus lining->embryo development |
| Fertilization and Birth Part 2 | -Blood from mom never touches blood from baby!! -ambillical cord has COREON MEMBRANE that just takes what the baby needs from the mom's blood -Fetus makes the hormone HCG to mimick LH long enough to keep the corups luteum working until placenta forms |
| Sperm Movement Part 1 | -FSH --> Sertoli cells signal sperm production -Sperm made in Seminiferous Tubules -S.Tubules -> Epididymis (grow and become fertile) -Epididymis + fluid from Seminal Vesicle = Semen |
| Sperm Movement Part 1 | Semen --> Vans Deferens Vans Deferens + sperm nutrient from prostate gland --> Urethra Bulbourethral Gland neutralizes the urethra before ejaculation |
| Name the Secondary Sex Characteristics for Male and Female | Male: Testes release testosterone facial hair, lower voice, muscle development Female: Ovaries release estrogen, progesterone breasts grow, body shape changes, period begins |
| Explain Hormones about males and females. | Both: 1. Hypothalamus produces gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) 2. Pituitary gland releases lutenizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 3. Trigger male and female hormones |
| Explain Hormones about Females (only) Part 1 | 1. From the hypothalamus, GdRH triggers the pituitary gland 2. pituitary gland then releases FSH and LH hormones 3. Hormones trigger follicle Growth |
| Explain Hormones about Females (only) Part 1 | 4. Once enough FSH is released, negative feed back occurs 5. Simaltaniously, when LH has the correct amount causes posative feed back |
| Explain Hormones about Males (only) Part 1 | 1. From the hypothalamus GnRH triggers the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH 2.FSH triggers the sertoli cells(help nourish devloping sperms) 3. Once enough FSH is released, negative feed back Occurs |
| Explain Hormones about Males (only) Part 2 | 4. At the same time, LH is also being released which stimulates the Leydig cells. Also produces tesosterone. |
Created by:
tamlyd000
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