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Biology- Exam 2
Ch. 4,5,7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In a closed system where no energy can be removed or added | potential energy decreases, and entropy increases |
| catalysts that are equal to enzymes but made of RNA are | Ribozymes |
| Which cellular component is responsible for the regulation of exchanges of substances between cell and its environment? | Cell membrane |
| Cells with greater than diploid chromosome numbers, as megakaryoctes, are: | polyploid |
| Process where eukaryotic cell engulfs solid nutritive substances (bacteria) is: | Phagocytes |
| The bulk of the plasma membrane is a bilayer of: | Phospholipid |
| Organelle that is NOT surrounded by it's own two membranes | Vacuole |
| Characteristics with living systems first appear at: | Cell |
| Microfilaments participate in formation of | daughter cells |
| When certain protein molecules extend through the cell membrane, the form passages known as: | Channels |
| How cells take up or eliminate many kinds of molecules against a concentration gradient by means of: | Active Transport |
| Salt is ____. Water would move ____ the bacteria, killing them. | Hypertonic, out of |
| Cystic fibrosis is a result of: | A chloride channel protein defect |
| Organelle that contains DNA is: | Chloroplasts |
| Which would be found in an animal cell but not a bacterial cell? | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| Cell has: enzymes, DNA, Ribosomes, plasma mem., mito. | plant or animal |
| In plants, Turgor pressure is a consequence of: | Osmosis |
| ____ possess interrupted genes, for which corresponding _____ must be excised prior to the translation of the ligated _____ of mature mRNA. | Eukaryotes; centriolar DNA; mitochondrial DNA |
| The folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondria | cristae |
| Allows cells to form cilia and flagella: | centrioles |
| Animal and leaf cell similar except that: | Both have mitochondria (don't really) |
| Triploid number for Homo is | 3n= 69 |
| The synthesis of an extracellular digestive enzyme process | Transcription, translation, protein maturation |
| An Isosmotic conformer | marine protozoan |
| Which cell component is not directly involved in synthesis or secretion? | Lysosome |
| Paternally inherited? | Centrioles |
| Movement of material toward a region where it is less concentrated, as result of molecular motion, is called | diffusion |
| Mammalian eggs take up nourishment by this process where they liquid droplets by parts of their membrane. | Pinocytosis |
| Cells that are making large amounts of protein will have numerous | Ribosomes |
| Basal bodies have____ while flagella bodies don't | a hollow center inside of a ring of nine triplets |
| As a cell increases in size: | Volume and SA increase but the ratio of SA to volume decreases |
| Protozoans that live in seawater? | are isotonic with their environment |
| The sum total of all chemical reactions that occur in a living system is referred to as: | Metabolism |
| All structures listed below are associated with movement in cells EXCEPT | leucoplasts |
| Sodium potassium pump actively transport: | K+ into the cell and Na+ out of the cell |
| What is not present in animal cells? | Mitochondria,chloroplasts |
| PLant cells communicate through pairs of pits in the cell wall. Cytoplasmic strands extending through such holes are called? | plasmodesmata |
| Which Cytoskeletal elements are composed of alpha and beta tubulin subunits? | microtubules |
| Part of the Endoplasmic raticulum is labeled ROUGH because it is coated with: | ribosomes |
| A distinctive feature of chloroplasts is that, under the light microscope, they | are green |
| Which of the following functions mainly to counteract mechanical stresses to the cell? | Intermediate fibers |
| The process by which proteins are synthesized? | Translation |
| Vesicles bounded by a single membrane that contain enzymes which degrade hydrogen peroxide and purines are called: | peroxisomes |
| Most Eukaryotic ATP is synthesized in | Mitochondria |
| A polytene cell is one in which | each chromosome consists of thousands of identical DNA molecules |
| Platelets are derived from the fragmentation of | megakaryocytic |
| Capable of turning light energy to chemical bond energy | chloroplasts |
| The nucleoli consists of ______ and are located in the ______ | Ribosomal protein and rRNA; nucleus |
| Freshwater protista have contractile vacuoles that: | remove excess water from the cell |
| Intracellular path taken by a protein that is to be secreted? | transitional endoplasmic reticulum> Golgi complex> secretory vesicle |
| _____are long,fine, threadlike locomotory organelles protruding from the surfaces of eukaryotic cells. Their structure is called______. | Flagella; a 9 + z arrangment of microtubules |
| What is the general process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones called? | catabolism |
| translation occurs in the: | cytoplasm |
| The amount of chemical energy stored in a gram of table sugar is a measure of its _____energy | potential |
| Cells maintain many....What happens to all the potassium ions that are constantly being pumped into the cell? | They passively leak out through potassium ion channels which are unoccupied by incoming potassium |
| A freshwater fish would be a | hyperosmotic regulator |
| Eukaryotic organisms are defined in part as those whose cells: | contain a nuclear envelope |
| Which of the following consists of readily assembled or disassembled polymers of actin? | microfilaments |
| Centrioles: | are structurally identical to basal bodies |
| Messenger RNA | is transcribed from DNA |
| Which organelle serves as a packaging and distribution center for organic molecules intended for export? | Golgi complex |
Created by:
Katie J
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