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Ch. 18 vocabulary
Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Competent bacteria | oly bacterial species that are competent can perform transformation--have special transport proteins in their membranes |
| Conjugation | direct transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another |
| F- cells | lack the F-factor |
| F+ cells | cells carrying any F-factor--male cells--only mate with F- cells |
| F-factor | on bacterium, the donor, contains plasmid--fertility factor--codes for pilus and other genes needed for DNA copy and transfer |
| Generalized transduction | phages that can transfer any gene from donor bacterium |
| High frequency of recombination | Hfr--F-factor integrates (inserts itself) into donor bacterial chromosome |
| pilus tip | an attachment site or ligand for specific receptors on other bacteria that lack the F-factor |
| Specialized transduction | phages that pick up just one area of donor bacterial chromosome--can transduce a limited number of bacterial genes |
| Transducing particles | contains bacterial DNA (host DNA) rather than phage DNA--when infects another bacterium--no bacteriophage grows--phage's genes missing--transfer bacterial DNA from previous host to new cell--new DNA recombines to new cells chromosome |
| Transduction | phage (bacterial virus) carries gene from one bacterium to another |
| Transformation | transform the bacteria to a different genotype--able to transport DNA from the medium into their cytoplasm |
Created by:
heatherlvn
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