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Terminolgy Practice
Pulmonology Terminology Practice
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Eupnea | normal breathing |
| Dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| Apnea | not breathing |
| Bradypnea | abnormally slow breathing |
| Tachypnea | very rapid breathing (increased f) |
| Orthopnea | dyspnea experienced only while supine, may be associated with CHF, asthma, or anxiety |
| Hyperpnea | increased ventilation during exercise—increased f & Increased TV = increased total minute ventilation. Ventilation increases to meet metabolic needs |
| Hyperventilation | increased ventilation beyond metabolic needs, decreased arterial CO2 (PaCO2) & increased arterial O2 (PaO2) |
| Hypoventilation | ventilation which does not meet metabolic needs, increased PaCO2 and decreased PaO2 |
| Apneustic breathing | prolonged periods of inspiration followed by short, abrupt expirations |
| Kussmaul breathing | rapid, deep breathing observed in diabetic acidosis |
| Cheyne-Stokes breathing | a form of periodic breathing characterized by cycles of gradually increasing f and increasing TV, followed by a gradual decrease in both f & depth of breathing |
| Biot’s breathing | a form of periodic breathing characterized by irregular periods of apnea alternating with periods in which four or five breaths of identical depth are taken |
| Cyanosis | bluish discoloration due to deoxy-hemoglobin concentration in excess of 5gm/100gm of blood or O2 sat decreasing to 83% in a person with normal Hgb concentration |
| Hypoxia | decreased amount of O2 at the tissue level |
| Hypoxemia | decreased amount of O2 in the arterial blood |
| Hypercapnia (hypercarbia) | an excess of CO2 in the blood |
| Hypocapnia (hypocarbia) | a deficiency of CO2 in the blood |
| Hyperoxia | O2 levels above 21% |
| Atelectasis | collapse of alveolar units |
| Hyperinflation | increased air I the lungs, such as seen in emphysema or severe asthma, FRC is increased |
Created by:
jestevenson
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