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Ch 18 Biology

QuestionAnswer
1. Why do we study viruses even though they are not living Active inside living things and have an effect on them
2. How does a virus reproduce By controlling a host cell, may have membrane envelope around protein to help it enter host
3. What is smallpox virus
4. How is a virus organized structurally RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat
5. What is the lysogenic cycle Genetic material connects to host DNA and reproduces with it.
6. What is the structure of a bacteria No nucleus, Ring of DNA
7. How big is a bacterium Smaller than Eukaryote
8. What is tuberculosis Caused by a bacteria
9. What is antibiotic resistance Antibiotics become ineffective , because bacteria have become immune to them, can be passed from one generation to the next
10. How big is a prion Smallest infectious agent
11. Be able to identify parts of a virus Genetic material, Protein coat
12. Know the shapes of viruses Polyhedaral has many sides, spherical is round, Helical spirals
13. What is a prion Made of protein
14. How does a bacteriophage push its DNA into a cell injection
15. Why is HIV considered a retrovirus Contains reverse transcriptase
16. What is an obligate anaerobe Obligate aerobe
17. Know the structure of bacteria Flagella- tail used for movement, cell wall, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
18. What is bioremediation Microbes are used to clean up pollutants
19. What are antibiotics Fight bacterial infections
20. Why are viruses not considered to be alive Reproduce only in living cells
21. What is a virus parasitic
22. Know the structure of a virus Protein coat and nucleic acid core
23. What is the lytic cycle Lysogenic cycle
24. What is a pathogen Harmful to living organisms
25. How is HIV transmitted Sexual contact, sharing nonsterile needles, through pregnancy and breast milk
26. Know your shapes of bacteria Bacillus- rod shaped, spirilus-spiral, cocci- round
27. What is an endospore Allow bacteria to survive in harsh environments
28. What is conjugation Transfer of genetic material
29. How can antibiotics be ineffective Against viruses, viruses do not perform functions antibiotics interfere with
30. What is an antibiotic Penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, prevent bacteria from making cell walls, effective against bacteria
31. What is a bacteriophage Polyhedral head attached to helical tail
32. What is a capsid Protein coat
33. What does HIV stand for Human Immunodeficiancy Virus
34. What is peptidoglycan Make up cell walls of eubacteria
35. Describe why antibiotics sometimes do not work Do not kill all bacteria, resistance is passed on to all in a population. Bacteria that are resistance survive and reproduce the traits that make them reisistant
36. How could we identify a bacterium or a virus Viruses are smaller, not effected by antibodies, and can not be cultured (grown)
37. Why are viruses not considered living Cannot reproduce on their own, active in living cells and affect living things
Created by: evroman
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