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Lecture 7
Lecture 7: Skin
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stratum Corneum | most superficial layer with 20-30 layers of cells |
| Stratum Granulosum | 3-5 layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating and keratohyaline granules, between stratum spinosum and stratum corneum |
| Stratum Spinosum | several layers of keratinocytes unified by desmosomes located between stratum basale and stratum granuosum |
| Stratum Basale | deepest epidermal layer, one row of actively mitotic stem cells, some newly formed |
| Dense Layer | coarse protein fibers form connective tissue, gives strength |
| Desmosomes | durable connections; found where tissue is under mechanical stress; anchoring junctions |
| Hemidesmosomes | attach a cell to extracellular structures such as the protein fibers in the basement membrane |
| Clear layer | glycoproteins and protein filaments from epithelial cells regulates permeability |
| Epidermal Ridges | invaginations that increase the surface area and strength of the attachment to the basement membrane |
| Melanocytes | important for skin pigmentation |
| Langerhans cells | type of macrophages important for immune function |
| Keratohyaline granules | important for formation of keratin in more superficial layer of the epidermis |
| Lamellated granules | excrete a waterproof glycolipid important for the reduction of water loss in the extracellular space |
| Keratin | tough fibrous protein component that provides protection from hostile external environment, biological, chemical, and physical stresses |
| Insensible Perspiration | water move to the skin surface and evaporates to cool you down, different from sensible perspiration |
| Papillary layer | superficial, formed by areolar connective tissue |
| Reticular Layer | deep to the papillary, composed of dense irregular connective tissue |
| Dermal Papillae | nipple like projections |
| Cleavage lines | collagen fibers arranged in parrallel bundles and oriented in the direction to resist forces applied to the skin during normal movement |
| Cutaneous plexus | network of blod vessels between the reticular layer of the hypodermis |
| lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscles | deep pressure and vibration |
| Melanin | photoprotectant that attenuates UV radiation and scavenges oxygen radical species |
| Gland | one or more cells that make and secrete a watery based fluid |
| Endocrine Gland | release their products in the blood or lymphatic fluid; action is far away from gland on target tissues |
| Exocrine Gland | secrete products onto body surfaces (skin) or in body cavities |
| Merocrine Gland | exocrine gland which secretes its products by exocytosis (pancreas, sweat and salivary gland |
| Holocrine Gland | exocrine gland which accumulates their product and then ruptures (sebaceous glands) |
| Myoepithelial cells | cells tat contract in response to the autonomic nervous system |
| Eccrine Sweat Glands | secrete hypotonic waste solution, found in palms, soles, and forehead |
| Dermcidin | a natural antibiotic released by eccrine sweat glands |
| Apocrine Sweat Glands | developed at puberty, secrete salt and metabolic waste along with proteins and fatty substances, found in axillary region and anogenital areas |
| Sebaceous Gands | holocrine oil glands which secrete sebum and are not found in thick skin areas |
| Hairs | keratinazed dead cells |
| Cutaneous Sensation | sensory receptors present throughout the skin and in association with the appendages |
| 1st Degree Burns | damage to epidermis, typical of sunscreen, erythema |
| 2nd Degree Burns | epidermis and superficial layers of the dermis; accessory structure not affected; blisters swelling and pain |
| 3rd Degree Burns | full thickness burns, entire skin involved, hypodermis exposed |
Created by:
rlmurp09
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