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ZACK EXAM 2

Fundimentals of RespiratoryCare

QuestionAnswer
Oxygen delivery devices are categorized by _____. Name the three types design 1.Low flow 2.High flow 3.Enclosures Head or body surrounding reservoirs
Low Flow Devices Nasal Cannula, Nasal Catheter, Trans-tracheal Catheter, Reservoir Cannula, Simple Mask, Partial Rebreathing Mask, Non-rebreathing Mask/Circuit
High Flow Devices Air-Entrainment (Venturi) Mask, Aerosol Devices, High Flow Nasal Cannula, Bag Mask Devices, Enclosure: Oxy-hood, Isolette, Tent
What is FI02? Fraction of Inspired Oxygen
Variable FI02 Systems that supply only a portion of inspired gas Always provides a variable FI02 Low flow & High flow equipment
Factors which control FI02? 1.Capacity of O2 Reservoir 2.Oxygen (O2) Flowrate 3.Patients ventalatory pattern
Name the advantages of Low Flow Devices? A)More comfortable B)Decreased cost c)Some forms don't have to be removed to eat or spit
What is the formula for Estimating FIO2 for a Cannula or Catheter? FIO2 = (4 x LPM) + 20% Assuming normal ventilation pattern 1 LPM ~ 24% 2 LPM ~ 28% 6 LPM ~ 44%
what is a simple mask and what it's use for Moderate Concentration (0.35-0.50), Generally for short term treatment, Uncomfortable, Can increase risk of aspiration, Never use < 5 LPM, Prevent accumulation of CO2
What is a reservior Mask. High Concentrations Partial Rebreather (0.40 – 0.70)% Non-Rebreather (0.60 - 0.80)%
Describe (reservior mask) PARTIAL REBREATHER (0.40 – 0.70)% Entrains air through port holes
Describe (reservior mask) NON REBREATHER (0.60 - 0.80)% Has a one-way valve to prevent air entrainment Used for emergencies (short term) Potential suffocation hazard
whats the only way to give 100% of O2with a nonbreather is with ----------------- ? a closed circuit C-PAP or BIPAP mask the is completly sealed
describe FIXED Performance devices? Uses jet mixing (blender) for target FI02
Name the Advantages ofFIXED Performance devices? Advantages: 1.The patients ventilatory pattern does NOT affect FIO2, 2.Temperature & humidity of inspired gas can be controlled
Name the Disadvantages ofFIXED Performance devices? Disadvantages: 1.Decreased comfort, 2.Increased cost, 3.Must be removed to eat/spit
what is the Air to Oxygen Ratio Calculation Air : O2 = (100 - FIO2) / (FIO2 – 21) FYI (21 IS ROOM AIR) (100 IS PURE O2) Example: FIO2 = 40% What is the Air to Oxygen Ratio (Air : O2)? Air : O2 = (100 – 40) / (40 – 21) Air : O2 = (60 / 19) Air : O2 = 3 : 1
Calculation of Total Flow: (V-Total) V means FLOW V-TOTAL means TOTAL FLOW If (Air : O2) is expressed as n then n + 1 = “Total Parts" (TP) Flow of Oxygen = “O2V” V-Total = TP x O2 V
What are Enclosures(Neonatal & Pediatric O2 equipment) Oxy-hood: Ideally inspired gas should be warmed to decrease O2 consumption Nebulizers should not be used Due to high noise level Always measure FIO2 near pt's mouth V total should be greater than 5 LPM to wash out CO2
What are Enclosures(Neonatal & Pediatric O2 equipment) Oxygen Tents: (Mist/Croup Tents) Used for Croup and Epiglottitis Must use V -Total of at least 12 LPM to wash out CO2 FIO2's of 0.40 - 0.52 % are possible at high V-Total Only if tent is tucked in well Cooled (instead of heated) Rarely used because of nosocomial
where do patient get NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION HORITAL EQUIPTMENTS
What are Enclosures(Neonatal & Pediatric O2 equipment) Incubators: Control: Temperature: Infants lose body heat readily FIO2 Usually kept below 0.40 (100=40%) Humidity: Filtered and blended gas environment Provide isolation Decrease infection
What are Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Exposure to pressure greater than atmospheric while breathing 100% 02 Improve hemoglobin's ability to carry/transport oxygen Improve the bodies ability to heal itself.
What are the two types of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy 1.Mono-place -------Single unit 2.Multi-place -----Walk-in units
With what conditions you would use Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy? Air embolism CO poisoning Cyanide poisoning Decompression sickness Gas gangrene Skin grafts Wound healing
Created by: nadinewaugh
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