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Anat&PhysCh1
Anatomy & Physiology I (PPC) Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anatomy | study of body structure |
| dissection | to cut |
| physiology | study of function of living organisms |
| pathology | study of disease |
| disease | illness; abnormal stte in which part of all of the body does not function properly |
| cell | basic unit of life |
| tissue | group oif similar cells that perform a specialized function |
| organ | body part containing two or more tissues functioning together for specific purposes |
| system | group of organs functioning together for the same general purposes |
| metabolism | all the physical and chemical processes by which an organism is maintained |
| catabolism | metabolic breakdown of substance into simpler substances; includes the digestion of food and the oxidation of nutrient molecules for energy |
| anabolism | metabolic building of simple compound into more complex substances |
| adenosine triphosphate | ATP energy obtained from breakdown of nutrients |
| homeostasis | state of balance within the body; maintenance of body conditions within set limits |
| extraceullular fluid | fluid outside the cell |
| intracellular fluid | fluid between cells |
| negative feedback | self regulating system in which the result of an action reverses that action; a method for keeping body condition within a nroam range and maintaining homeostasis |
| anatomic position | all descriptions assume the body is in this potion the subject is standing upright with face front, arms at sides, palms forward, and feet parralel |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| anterior | same as ventral in humans front |
| ventral | same as anterior in humans front |
| posterior | same as dorsal in humans back |
| dorsal | same as posterior in humans back |
| medial | nearer to an imaginary plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into left and right |
| lateral | opposite of medial further from the midline, toward the side |
| proximal | nearer to the origini of a structure |
| distal | farther from a point |
| frontal plane | from ears forward |
| sagittal plane | right and left portions |
| midsagittal plane | cut exactly down the middle of the body serpating it into equal right and left halves |
| transverse plane | divides body into superior and inferior |
| mediastinum | space between the lungs |
| prefix | a word part that comes before the root and modifies the meaning |
| root | a basic part; an attached or embedded part |
| suffix | a word part that follows a root and modifies its meaning |
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