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Comm and media law
Comm and media law, Iygor, Chap 6
| Term | Definition | |
|---|---|---|
| Chilling effect | reluctance of journalists to pursue controversial topics for fear of libel suits | |
| Communication | refers to the fact that a newspaper has been published, a broadcast has gone out over the airwaves, or the material on the internet has been exposed to the public | |
| defemation | used to refer to both libel and slander, in some states | |
| fair comment and criticism | defense in libel cases that applies to forms of opinion writing such as editorials, columns and entertainment reviews | |
| group libel | legal actions take by individuals claiming that they were defames by criticisms of the group | |
| injurous falsehood | used to refer to both libel and slander, in some states | |
| Involuntart public figure | person who does not seek the spobetlight but instead is thrust into it by circumstance | |
| libel per se of a communicator | form of falsehood stated directly | |
| libel per quod | form of falsehood that is implied rather that directly stated | |
| limited public figure | otherwise private person who is considered a public figure only in connection to a specific news story or issue | |
| Malice | intent of a communicator to spread info known to be false | |
| neutral reportage | extension of the privelge defense. not recognized by all courts | |
| Privelege | libel defense in which info cannot be subject of libel action if it is announced at a government meeting or during a legal preceeding | |
| product disparagement | form of libel in which the subject is a companys product rather than the company as a whole | |
| public figure | an individual such as a public official, entertainment celebrity, or well-known professional or amateur athlete | |
| public official | public figure who serves in a public office, campaigns for public office, or participates in policy development | |
| rhetorical hyperbole | clear exaggeration or falsehood that is not intended to be taken seriously by the audience | |
| wire service defense | provides limited protection for newspapers or other media outlets that publish or broadcast defamatory info derived from wire service reports | |
| All purpose figure | public official or celebrity whose name is a household name |