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Janssen - Meiosis

Chapter 6 Biology, Meiosis

QuestionAnswer
What are segments of DNA called? genes
A chromosome pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent. homologous chromosomes
Sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes. gametes
A characteristic such as hair color or eye color. trait
How many chromosomes does each human gamete contain? 23
What symbol is used to indicate the number of chromosomes in a gamete? n
What is a cell with "n" number of chromosomes called? haploid
What does the Greek word haplos mean? single
Process of one haploid cell combining with another haploid cell. fertilization
After fertilization, how many chromosomes will the cell contain? 2n
A cell that contains 2n number of chromosomes. diploid
What symbol is used to represent the number of pairs of chromosomes in an organism? n
What is the type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes? meiosis
What is another name for meiosis? reduction division
A process in which chromosome segments are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes. crossing over
Process of homologous chromosomes forming pairs. synapsis
What 3 things does the cell do during interphase? metabolize, replicate DNA, synthesize proteins
During Telophase I, why might the sister chromatids NOT be identical? crossing over might have occurred
Which process is involved in growth & repair of body tissues? mitosis
Which process occurs in reproductive cells only? meiosis
Which process is involved in the production of gametes? meiosis
Which process has one cell dividing into two daughter cells? mitosis
Which process produces daughter cells that are NOT identical? meiosis
Which process has two divisions occur during the entire cycle? meiosis
Which process produces daughter cells that are identical. mitosis
During which process does synapsis NOT occur? mitosis
During which process does synapsis occur? meiosis
Why is crossing over of chromosomes beneficial to the cell? provides genetic variation
What is the type of reproduction in which organisms inherit all their chromosomes from a single parent? asexual
What is the type of reproduction in which organisms inherit all their chromosomes from two parents? sexual
Who is the father of modern genetics? Gregor Mendel
What is the science of heredity called? genetics
The offspring of the parent generation are called this. F1 or first filial generation.
The offspring of the F1 generation are called this. F2 or second filial generation
What is an alternate form of a gene called? allele
The form of the trait that appears (shows up). dominant
The form of the trait that is hidden. recessive
Two of the exact same alleles for a trait. homozygous
Two different alleles for a trait. heterozygous
Naming the alleles using their genes (letters). genotype
Naming the alleles using the characteristics that you see. phenotype
Law that states that during meiosis, 2 alleles separate and during fertilization they reunite. Law of Segregation
What is another name for heterozygous organisms? hybrids
A cross that involves a single trait. monohybrid cross
A cross that involves two or more traits. dihybrid cross
Law that states that a random distribution of alleles occurs during gamete formation. Law of independent assortment
What is used to predict the possible offspring of a cross between 2 known genotypes? Punnett Square
What is the new combination of genes produced by crossing over & independent assortment? genetic recombination
Having one or more sets of chromosomes. polyploidy
Created by: jjanssen33
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