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Unit 3 cytology

Bruton unit 3 cytology flashcards for unit test

QuestionAnswer
Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called **elements
The smallest amount of an element? **atom
There are approximately 100 naturally occurring elements, How many of these are essential to living things? **25
What are the 4 most common elements in living things? **carbon **oxygen **hydrogen **nitrogen
What is measured by pH? acidity
The pH scale ranges between and 0-14
If the pH is less than 7 the substance is ** Give an example **acidic hydrochloric acid
If the pH is greater than 7 the substance is ** Give an example ** **basic **sodium hydroxide
If the pH is exactly 7 the substance is ** Give an example ** **neutral **water
What is the study of cells? (prefixes/suffixes) **cytology cyt=cell logy=the study of
Define Cells **the basic units of living organisms
What invention allowed the discovery of cells? microscopes
Who is credited with discovering and naming cells? ** Robert Hooke
What type of cells did Hooke observe? cork
Why did Hooke call them cells? they reminded him of the small rooms monks lived in at a monastery
What is the contribution of Dujardin? He was a frenchman who was the first person to view living cells and say they were alive
What is the contribution of Schleiden? He concluded all plants are made of cells
What is the contribution of Schwann? He concluded all animals are made of cells
What is the contribution of Rudolph Virchow in relation to the cell? All cells come from other cells
What is stated by the Cell Theory? **1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
What determines the size of an organism? The number of how many cells make up the organism
Define Organelle small and specialized structures in a cell
What are Eukaryotic Cells? Cells that have membrane-bound organelles
What are Prokaryotic Cells? Cells that do not have membrane-bound organelles (bacteria)
What is Specialization? The division of labor
What is the advantage of specialization? The cell can get really good at that job(not necessarily do it faster
What is the disadvantage of specialization? The cell becomes dependent on the other specialized cells and would die alone (interdependence)
What are the 5 levels of specialization? cell-no specialization tissues- a group of cells with one purpose organs- several tissues organ system- several organs doing the same thing (digestive system) complete organism-
Created by: sarah700
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