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Micro Ch4 Pt 2
Test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inclusions | reserve deposits of certain nutrients and serve basis for identification |
| Meta chromatic granules | reserve of inorganic phosphate |
| polysaccharide granules | reserve of energy(glycogen and starch) |
| Lipid inclusions | Enerygy reserves |
| Sulfur granules | energy reserves |
| carboxysomes | ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase for CO2 fixation |
| Gas vacuoles | protein covered cylinders |
| magnetosomes | Iron Oxided destroys H2O2 (in several gm -) |
| Endospores | specialized resting cells |
| Endospore Wall | highly durable dehydrated cells with thick wallas and addt layers formed internal to the bacterial cell membrane |
| Sporulation | process if endospore formation within a vegetative cell |
| Germination | Process of an endospore returning to it vegetative state |
| Flagella in eukaryotes | contain cytoplasm and enclosed by plasma membrane - wave-like movement- tapering end |
| Flagella in eukaryotes microtubules | 10 pairs (9+2 arrangement) |
| Flagella in Prokaryotes | 3 basic parts filament, hook, nad basal body- rotating movement- uniform diameter |
| Microtubule | made of protein tubulin. have 9 pairs + 2 arrangements of microtubules |
| Eukaryotic cell wall | if present is simple - never have PTG |
| Yeast cell wall | Glucan and Mannan |
| Eukaryotic Plasma membrane | fluid mosaic, contain sterols and carbs. |
| Eukaryotic Nucleus | spoherical or oval, histones, non histones, nucleoli, chromosomes or chromatin |
| Eukaryotic ribomsomes | 80S with 60S and 40S subunits- synthesize protein |
| Present inside chloroplasts and mitochondria | 70S |
| Free ribosomes | synthesize proteins to be used inside the cell |
| RER bound proteins | synthesize proteins destined for insertion in plasma membrane or export from cell |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | continuous with nuclear membrane |
| RER | outer surface studded with ribosomes |
| SER | synthesize phospholipids, fats, & steroids |
| SER in liver | help release glucose and detoxify drugs |
| SER in muscle | release calcium ions |
| Golgi Complex | 1st step in protein transport pathway |
| Golgi Complex path | arrive in vessicles from ER-released in the cisterns-proteins modified by enzymes-either discharge by exocytosis, delvered to plasma membrane for incorporation or lysomes. |
| Centrioles | pair of cylindrical structures composed of 9 clusters of 9 microtubules, arranged in circular pattern (9+0) |
| purpose of centriole | play a role in formation or regeneration of cilia and flagella - also needed during cell division |
| Endosymbiotic Theory of Evolution | Larger bacteria engulfed smaller ones. |
| Example of Endosymbiotic theory | ancestors of mitochondria were probably oxygen requiring heterotrophic bacteria and chloroplasts are decendents of phtosynthetic bacteria |
Created by:
nani012506
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