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Digestive system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrates | energy rich organic compounds |
| Proteins | large organic molecules made of carbon |
| Absorption | when nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood stream |
| Mucus | a thick slippery substance produced by the body |
| Rectum | a short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste is compressed into a solid before being eliminated |
| Nutrient | substance in food that provides the raw materials and energy that the body needs |
| Fat | high energy nutrients that are composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen that contain two times the amount if energy in a carbohydrate |
| Mineral | nutrients needed by the body in small amounts that are not made by living things |
| Fiber | a complex carbohydrate that is found in plant food and can not be broken down into sugar molecules in the body |
| Epiglottis | a flap of tissue that seals off the wind pipe and prevents food from entering |
| Small Intestine | the part of the digestive system in which most of the chemical digestion takes place |
| Villus | tiny finger shaped structure that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area through which digested food if absorbed |
| Calorie | the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one Celsius degree |
| Cholesterol | a waxy fat like substance found only in animal products that is an important part of the bodies cells ; can build up and artery wall |
| Digestion | the process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
| Esophagus | a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach |
| Liver | the largest and heaviest organ inside the body that breaks down substances and eliminates nitrogen |
| Large Intestine | the last section of the digestive system that absorbs any water left in the food |
| Glucose | a sugar that is the main source of energy in the bodies cell |
| Amino Acids | small units that are linked together chemically |
| Saliva | a fluid in the mouth that helps and starts the break down of food |
| Anus | the opening at the end of an organisms digestive system |
| Bile | a substance produced by the liver to break up fat particles |
| Enzyme | a substance that speeds up chemical reactions in the body |
| Pancreas | a triangular organ that produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine |
| Gallbladder | an organ that stores bile after it is produced by the liver |
| Peristalsis | involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keeps food moving |
Created by:
morgan10
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