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Earth Sci Vocab, 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Continental Drift Theory | Theory developed by Alfred Wegener that states that long ago the continents were joined together in one landmass he named Pangaea. He believed that the continents began drifting away from each other, and continue to drift to this day. |
| Tectonic Plates | The rock crust that surrounds the Earth broken into many different pieces |
| The Theory of Plate Tectonics | The theory that states that the Earth's crust is made up of about 30 huge rock plates that are always very slowly moving. The theory explains earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain formation. |
| Continental Plate | The rock tectonic plate that carries a landmass |
| Oceanic Plate | The rock tectonic plate that carries an ocean basin |
| Mid-Ocean Ridge | Underwater mountain range, divergent boundary that runs through the middle of the Atlantic Ocean and circles the globe. Lava comes through and hardens to form new rock pushing the old rock away. |
| Sea-Floor Spreading | the place along the bottom of the ocean where lava comes up and creates new rock, pushing the old rock material away. Occurs along the Mid-Ocean Ridge |
| Divergent Boundaries | Where two tectonic plates are moving away from one another. This is where new rock material is being formed. |
| Convergent Boundaries | Where two tectonic plates are moving toward one another. This is where mountains are forming or getting bigger. |
| Transform Boundaries | Where two tectonic plates are sliding past one another in opposite directions. |
| Lithosphere | The outermost layer of the Earth's surface which is rocky and solid. It includes the crust and the rigid part of the upper mantle. |
| Fault | A crack within the Earth's crust where the rock is fractured and where rocks move past one another |
| Subduction Zone | A convergent boundary where a continental plate is moving toward an oceanic plate. The oceanic plate (because it is more dense) goes under the continental plate and gets consumed in the Earth's mantle. This is where rock plate material is destroyed. |
| Magma | liquid rock under the Earth's crust |
| Lava | The hot liquid rock that comes up through the crust and hardens into solid rock. |
| Hot Spot | A place that is not a plate boundary where magma rises to the surface. This how the Hawaiian Islands formed. |
| The Ring of Fire | the string of volcanoes around the rim of the Pacific Ocean |
| Asthenosphere | The layer in the upper part of the Earth's mantle that is made of rock material that can be reshaped and deformed and on which the tectonic plates move. |
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sallydavids
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