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bio lab
lab midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| prophase | chromation coils and condense |
| late phase | spindle fibers forms |
| metaphase | chromatin line up in middle |
| anaphase | v shape form for seperation |
| telephase | nuclear envelop forms |
| cytoplasm | most active cell content outside the nucleus |
| rotation | movement around its longitude axis (ball and socket) |
| circumdunction | proximal end close limb is stationary. distal end moves in circular movement, outlines a cone(shoulder) |
| interphase | growing phase. DNA replicates itself |
| cytokinesis | pinch cytoplasm in two |
| pronation | move palm of hand out from anterior or upward facing to a posterior or downward with radius and ulna |
| position of pronation | ulna cross over radius to make an X |
| supination | move from posterior to anterior in anatomical position |
| position of supination | radius and ulna are equal to each other |
| flexion | move forward and bend knee |
| extention | straightening knee, bend trunk or head back |
| position of rotation | turn left and right |
| position of circumdunction | circular motion with arm |
| superior | above the structures |
| inferior | below the structure |
| anterior | front of body |
| posterior | back of body |
| medial | toward the midline |
| lateral | away from midline |
| deep | internal |
| superficial | toward the body (external) |
| caudad | toward the tail |
| cephalad | toward the head |
| dorsal | backside |
| ventral | belly side |
| proximal | near the trunk or close to attachment |
| distal | farther from the trunk or point of attachment |
| abduction | tmove away from median plane (spread finger and toes apart) |
| adduction | move close to midline |
| position of abduction | move up away from body |
| position of adduction | move down to body |
| inversion | foot turns in |
| eversion | foot turns out |
| doriflexion | foot points up |
| plantar flexion | foot points down |
| transverse plane | cut in a superior and inferior |
| frontal (coronal) plane | cut into an anterior and posterior |
| sagittal plane | right and left cut down the middle |
| median | equal right and left cut down the body |
| integumentary system | outter covering of body |
| organs in the integumentary system | skin, nails, glands |
| skeletal system oragans | bones, joints, cartilage |
| skeletal system | frame work of body |
| muscular system organs | connect to skeletal causes movement |
| organs of muscular system | tendons and muscles |
| organs of nervous system | sensory glands ,spinal cord ,nerves |
| endocrine system | controls hormones |
| organs of the endocrine system | thyroids, adrenal galnd and pituitary gland |
| Cardiovascular system | pump oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the cell to take blood to heart |
| cardiovascular system organs | heart, blood vessels, blood |
| lymphatic system | immune defense |
| lymphatic system organs | lymph nodes, tonsils, |
| urinary system | rids the body of waste |
| urinary system organs | ureters, kidneys, bladder |
| digestive system organs | oral, small and large intestines |
| digestive system | break food into tiny particles |
| respiratory system | bring oxygen in and release carbon dioxide |
| respiratory system organs | nasal, lungs, bronchi, trachea |
| reproductive system organs | testies, ovaries |
| reproductive system | make offsprings |
| 2 body cavities | dorsal and ventral |
| parts of the dorasal cavity | brain and spine |
| part of the thoracic | heart and lungs |
| abdominopelvic | urinary an bladder system |
| cell | main unit of life |
| nucleus | conrol center of cell |
| plasma membrane | holds content of cell, bi-layer of phospholipids |
| chromatin | DNA in threadlike form |
| nucleoli | RNA in protein synthesis |
| cytosol | fluid part of cytoplasm |
| organelles | machinery of cell |
| microvilli | finger like projection that increase surface of cell |
| inclusion | inactive part of cytplasm |
| ribosomes | protein synthesis |
| lysosome | get rid of waste suicide sac |
| peroxisome | cleans hydrogen peroxide through peroxides |
| rough endoplasmic recticulum | studded with ribosomes storage and transport for proteins |
| smooth endoplasmic recticulum | detoxifier no ribosomes |
| Golgi apparatus | pack proteins or other substance for export |
| mitochondria | ATP production of cell |
| centrioles | spindle bodies lies at right angles lie close to nucleus |
| cytoskeleton elements | microtubules, intermediate filaments and microfilaments |
| microtubules | internal structure of centrioles |
| microfilaments | contracts for cell movement |
| intermediate filaments | resist force against cell. cell stabilizer |
| cytoskeleton | cellular support |
| endoplasmic recticulum | tubes extended through cytoplasm |
| keratin | protect against excess water |
| cytosol | fluid part of cytoplasm |
| 2 Parts of skeletal system | axil and appendicular |
| axil | skull, hyoid, sternum,vertebrae, ribs |
| appendicular | appendages anchor to axil legs, arms and girdles |
| atlas | circular support weight of skull |
| axis | allow head to move |
| intervertebal disc | disc between the vertebrae |
| Makes up plasma membrane | cholesterol proteins cytoplasma |
| protein | tell cell what to do |
| exocytosis | allow waste to exit outside the plasma membrane |
| DNA | genetic make up of cell |
| layers of the epidermis | stratum cornea, stratum lucidium, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basal |
| epidermis | outter layer of skin made of stratified squamous |
| stratum cornea | 20-30 cells thick which rubs off |
| stratum lucidium | palm of hand and plantar of feet(thin and clear) |
| stratum granulosum | (grainy) cells start to die |
| stratum spinosum | (spiny) shrinks |
| stratum basal | deepest layer where mitosis takes place |
| 4 Types of fiborous joints | fiborous,syndermoses, sutures, gumphoses |
| fiborous joints | fiber tissues |
| syndermose | connective tissue made to pull tight |
| sutures | lock skull to bone |
| gumphoses | movement of teeth |
| amount of moventment in joints | synathrose, amphiathrose, diathrose |
| synathrose | immovable |
| amphiathrose | slight movement |
| diathrose | range of movement |
| synovial joints | articulate bone ends |
| articular cartilage | bone to bone (hyaline) |
| 6 Types of synovial joints | plane, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball and socket |
| plane | slide |
| location of plane | wrist and ankle |
| hinge | flex |
| hinge location | finger |
| pivot | turns |
| pivot location | axis and atlas |
| chondyloid | two way movement(up and down) |
| chondyloid location | knuckle and wrist |
| saddle location | thumb |
| saddle | grip |
| ball and socket | movement in all directions |
| ball and socket location | hip |
| cartilaginous joints | slight movement connect bone ends to joints by cartilage |
| 3 types of cartilaginous joints | amphiathrotis, symphsis, fibrocartilage |
| fibrocartilage | flat disc |
| symphysis | a growth together |
| synchondrosis | joint between coastal. carukag if rub 1 and sternum |
| dermis | single layer at bottom end of epidermis layers |
| what is the skeletal muscle | long cylindrical multinucleate cells, obvious striations |
| skeletal function | voluntary movement |
| skeletal muscle location | bone and skin |
| Muscle Tissue | contract skeletal twist to contract organs(stride, multi nucleic |
| muscle tissue function | involuntary movement |
| muscle tissue location |
Created by:
Roronab
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