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Bio 102 CH 23

Classification

QuestionAnswer
biodiversity variety of living organisms and the ecosystem they are a part of
systematics the scientific study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships
evolution the change in allele frequency in a population over time
taxonomy the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms
classification arranging organisms onto groups based on similarities that reflect evolutionary relationships among lineages
What type of classification system do we use today? binomial system of nomenclature
Who developed the binomial system of nomenclature? Carolus Linnaeus
What does a species name consist of according to the binomial system of nomenclature? first part - genus second part - specific epithet
Name the taxonomic levels of classification. Domain,Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is the the taxon in between Domain and Kingdom? Supergroup
True/ False: Systematics is an evolving science True.
What are the three domains? Eukarya, Bacteria and Archaea
Which domains are prokaryotic and eurkaryotic? Eukarya is eukaryotic. Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotic.
True/ False: Bacteria have peptidoglycan in cell walls. True.
True/ False: Protista is still is a kingdom. False.
True/ False: Protista has been divided among the supergroups. True.
What are the five Supergroups Archaeplastids, Chromalveolates, Excavates, Rhizarians, Unikonts
True/ False: Viruses are not classified into any of the three domains. True
What is a clade? a group of organisms that share characteristics inherited from a common ancestor
What is a Phylocode? organisms grouped into clades based on evolutionary relationships
What are the three parts of a phylogentic tree? branches, node, root
True/ False: Cladograms indicate when an organism evolved. False
True/ False: Phylograms indicate whrn an organism evolved. True
Vertical gene transfer genes are transmitted from parent to offspring within the same species
Horizontal gene transfer genes move from one species to another species in the same generation
endosymbiosis process in which one organism lives inside the cell of another organism and the 2 become a single functional organism
True/ False: Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group of organisms from a common ancestor True
population all the individuals of the same species in a particular area
_________ is the presences of a structure present in two or more species derived from a recent common ancestor. homology
True/ False: Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar structures in distantly related organisms True
True/ False: Sharks and dolphins are an example of convergent evolution. True. Sharks and dolphins have similar, but independently derived body forms because they have become adapted to similar environments (aquatic) and lifestyles (predatory)
A trait that reverts to its ancestral state is said to be _______. reversal
_____________ is a characteristic that superficially appears homologous but is actually independently acquired by convergent evolution or reversal Homoplasy
_______ _______ ________ are features that were present in an ancestral species and remain present in all groups descended from that ancestor Shared ancestral characters
True/ False: The vertebral column is a shared ancestral character. True.
______ ______ _______ occur when two populations become separated and begin to evolve independently Shared derived characters
Shared derived characters occur through: mutation; natural selection; genetic drift
What are the ancestral characteristics of Chordates? dorsal hollow nerve tube, notochord, gill slits, post anal tail
True/ False: Birds are part of the reptile clade True
A ______ is a molecular sequence used to identify organisms. barcode
True/ False: DNA, RNA and amino acids are used in molecular systematics True
Created by: marissairene
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