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OGT Science Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic | Non living |
| Acceleration | The change in the rate of change in velocity usually in meters per second squared |
| Acid | Low pH, less than 7 |
| Active transport | Cell dump but uses ATP energy |
| Adaptation | A change in an organism over time because the environment changed |
| Adaptive radiation | Spreading and evolution out of a population |
| Alleles | Different DNA variants of a gene |
| Archaebacteria | One of the three domains of life. Primitive single celled orgs |
| Atmosphere | Gas surrounding the earth, mostly nitrogen and oxygen |
| ATP | Energy form, adenosine triphosphate |
| Atom | "Smallest" particle of an element |
| Atomic Number | Number of protons in an atom |
| Nucleus | Part of an atom, holds protons and neutrons |
| Base | High pH , greater than 7 |
| Big Bang Theory | A TV show. Also theory how universe was created |
| Binary fission | how bacteria (prokaryotes) reproduce by splitting in half |
| Biodiversity | How many species are in an area. More is bettter |
| Biome | Major type of ecological community |
| Biotechnology | Usually DNA and genes |
| Biotic | Living |
| Boiling point | Temperature |
| Cell | basic unit of life, |
| Cell membrane | What surrounds a cell |
| Cell theory | 1 2 3 Cells from cells, living = cells, cells basic part of organisms |
| Cell wall | plants strong gives support to plants |
| Cellular respiration | How cells use or release the energy in sugar to do stuff |
| Chemical change | When chemical compounds react to form a new compound |
| Chemical reaction | When chemical compounds react to form a new compound |
| Chromosome | DNA in the cell carries the genetic information |
| Classification | Arranging organisms into groups and naming them. |
| Climate | Average weather conditions |
| Commensalism | Two organisms together, one benefits the other doesn't care |
| Community | All the different species in a defined area |
| Compound | substance with two or more elements at a fixed ratio H2O CO2 |
| Conduction | Heat or electricity transmitted thru something |
| Conservation of mass | matter is neither created nor destroyed |
| Consumer | who you see at Wal Mart. Organism that earns its living feeding on another |
| COntrol group | In an experiment, group used for comparison, everything kept constant |
| Convection | Circular movement of heat, fluid etc like under the earth surface or in the atmosphere |
| Convergent plate boundaries | Where tectonic plates converge - mountains form or deep ocean trenches |
| COre | center of the earth hot iron or nickel |
| Covalent bond | Shared electrons |
| Crust | Outer layer of rock on earth |
| Cytoplasm | Main part of a cell, fluid (cytosol) plus organelles |
| Data | A recorded observation |
| Divergent Plate boundary | Where tectonic plates pull apart |
| Decomposers | bacteria fungi eat or break dead organisms |
| Density | mass over volume (g per cm3) or (g per mL) |
| Dependent variable | In an experiment, the variable whose response is not known or determined ahead of time. |
| DNA | De oxy ribo nuclei acid Watson and Crick Genetic material |
| Dominant trait | If you have one allele of a dominant trait, you show it. |
| Ecosystem | Community of organisms and their evironment |
| Electricity | Form of energy |
| Electromagnetic radiation | Waves of energy Light xrays radio waves and others |
| Electron | Subatomic particle orbits around nucleus |
| Element | Atoms of one kind, their all the same |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | An organelle Transport proteins in cell |
| Endothermic | A reaction that absorbs energy (heat( |
| Energy | Ability to do work |
| Equilibrium | when oppposite forces are equal |
| Ethical guideline | rules governing acceptable limits on experiments. |
| Eukaryotic cells | Cells with membrane covered organelles and a nucleus |
| Evolution | Genetic change in a population over time |
| Exothermic | Reaction releasing heat |
| Experiment | What we do to test an hypothesis |
| Fermentation | no air, energy production like yeast, makes alcohol |
| Fission | Splitting of atomic nucleus Releases energy, Regular atomic bomb |
| Folding | Bending the earths crust to create mountains |
| Food chain | Arrangement of organisms in an ecosystem showing who eats who. |
| Force | What gets applied to an object to move it |
| Fossil | Impression of traces of long dead organisms |
| Friction | Rubbing Force that resists continual motion of objects |
| Fusion | Joining of two atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei like in the Sun. H Bomb |
| Gas | State of matter, particles are spread apart |
| Gene | Sequence of DNA bases on a chromosome that codes for a protein |
| Genetic drift | gene changes in a small population |
| Genotype | Genetic make up of an individual |
| Golgi Complex | Organelle Package molecules |
| Gravitational potential energy | Stored energy Height and mass |
| Gravity | Attracive force between two object mass divided by distance squared |
| Heliocentric theory | Earth circles sun |
| Heredity | Characteristics from ancestors, based on genes |
| Heterozygous | 2 different genes for a trait |
| Homeostasis | Process by which organisms maintain internal conditions |
| Homologous chromosomes | A pair of chromosomes that govern the same trait |
| Homozygous | Having the same two copies of a gene |
| Hydrosphere | All water on Earth |
| Hypothesis | An informed possible and testable explanation of an observation |
| Igneous rock | Rock from volcanic orgin from cooled magma or lava |
| Independent variable | The one a scientist changes to see what happens |
| Ion | An atom that has gained or lost electrons |
| Isotope | A form of an element with extra neutrons which makes its mass bigger |
| Kinetic energy | energy of motion KE = 1/2 mv2 |
| Lithosphere | Crust and mantle of earth 70 miles thick |
| Magma | Molten rock |
| Mantle | Earth's layer underground but not the core or crust |
| mass | the amount of matter of an object proportional to weight |
| Matter | has mass, occupies volume |
| Meiosis | sex cells dividing in half Allows more variation |
| Metamorphic rock | sedimentary or igneous rock that hss changed |
| Metal | Most of the element Shiny, hard, ductile Conduct electricity |
| Mitochondria | Organelle Converts energy (cellular respiration) |
| Mitosis | Cell division to get 2 copies |
| Mixture | two or more compounds hanging out together but not chemically connected |
| Molecule | Atoms joined by covalent bonding |
| Mutation | Inherited change in the DNA sequence |
| Mutualism | 2 organisms hanging out together and both get something out of if |
| Natural selection | Individuals having favorable adaptations will produce more surviving offspring and over time those traits increase in a population |
| Neutron | One of the parts of an atom |
| Newtons law of motion | 1 - things at rest stay at rest & vice versa 2 F = ma 3 equal & opposite forces for every action |
| Nucleus | Inner core of an atom Has protons and neutrons In a cell - contains the DNA |
| Organelles | Structures in a cell like mitochondria |
| Parasite | You know what this is |
| periodic Table | Table showing data for all the elements Organized by similar elements |
| pH Scale | Acid is less than 7 Basic is greater than 7 Neutral is 7 |
| Photosynthesis | conversion by plants of CO2 + H2O into sugar |
| Plate tectonic theory | Earths lithosphere composed of giant sliding plates |
| predator | Organism that eats prey |
| Producer | Organism that produces its own food |
| Prokaryotic cells | Primitive, older cells like bacteria No nucleus |
| Proton | Part of an atom Has mass and charge |
| Radiation | Waves of energy |
| Radioactive decay | When an unstable nucleus decays, emits subatomic particles and radiation |
| Radiometric dating | To find age of rocks using radioactive elements |
| Reactant | in a chemical reaction, one of the things on the left that changes |
| Recessive trait | Trait that is seen if only two copies of its DNA is present |
| Reflection | Bouncing back of light heat or sound after hitting a surface |
| Refraction | Bending of light rays or of an energy wave Due to a change in the speed of the wave |
| Scientific investigation | What scientists do when they are doing science. Obs/Hypothesis/design/get data/report etc |
| Scientific knowledge | The accumulation of results of scientific work |
| Sedimentary rock | Rock created by deposition of sediments like sand silt gravel from erosion |
| Seismic waves | waves of energy from earthquakes |
| SOlid | State of matter Closely packed atoms, definite density & shape |
| Solution | Homogeneous mixture One evenly mixed in the other |
| Sound waves | Mechanical radiant energy waves |
| Species | A group of organisms capable of mating and producing offspring |
| Speciation | The process of making a new species |
| Star | Object in space Uses nuclear fusion |
| Subduction zone | Where one tectonic plate goes under a lighter plate |
| Substance | Form of matter with uniform chemical structure Elements, oompounds |
| Technology | Using scientific knowledge to meet human needs |
| Temperature | Measure of average kinetic energy of an object |
| Theory | Possible explanation of observations and data Usually has many confirming examples |
| Thermal energy | Heat based on the movement of particles |
| Tides | Cyclical rising and falling of oceans |
| Trait | Inherited characteristic |
| Variable | A quantity that can change |
| Velocity | The rate of change of an objects position over time |
| Water cycle | Atmospheric vapor to precipitation into ground or lakes/oceans then back to atmosphere via evaporation & transpiration |
| Wave | Vibration carrying energy Seismic sound light |
Created by:
rhallid
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