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CH 12. Vocab_
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Weather | The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. |
| Atmosphere | The envelope of gases that surrounds Earth. |
| Ozone | A form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual two. |
| Water Vapor | Water in the form of a gas. |
| Photochemical Smog | A brownish haze that is a mixture of ozone and other chemicals formed when pollutants react with each other in the presence of sunlight. |
| Acid Rain | Rain that contains more acid than normal. |
| Pressure | The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted. |
| Air pressure | The pressure caused by the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area. |
| Barometer | An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure. |
| Mercury Barometer | An instrument that measures changes in air pressure, consisting of a glass tube partially filled with mercury with its open end resting in a dish of mercury. |
| Aneroid Barometer | An instrument that measures changes in aur pressure withough using a liquid. |
| Altitude | Elevation above sea level. |
| Jet Stream | Bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth's atmosphere. |
| Trophosphere | The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. |
| Stratosphere | The second lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. |
| Mesosphere | The layer of Earth;s atmosphere immeadiatley above Earth's stratosphere. |
| Thermosphere | The outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere. |
| Ionosphere | The lower part of the thermosphere. |
| Exosphere | The outer layer of the thermosphere. |
| Electromagnetic Wave | Waves that can transfer electric and magnetic energy through the vacuum of space. |
| Radiation | The direct transfer of energy through space through electromagnetic waves. |
| Infrared Radiation | Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves. |
| Ultraviolet Radiation | Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are shorter than visible light but longer than X-Rays. |
| Scattering | Reflection of light in all directions. |
| Thermal Energy | The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance. |
| Conduction | The direct transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another substance that it is touching. |
| Convection | The transfer of energy by the movement of liquid. |
| Wind | The horizontal movement of air from an area with high pressure to an area of lower pressure. |
| Anemometer | An instrument used to measure wind speed. |
| Wind-Chill Factor | A measure of cooling combining temperature and wind speed. |
| Local Wind | Winds that blow over short distances. |
| Sea Breeze | The flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake to land. |
| Land Breeze | The flow of air from land to a body of water. |
| Global Wind | Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances. |
| Latitude | The distance in degrees north or south of the equator. |