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Ch 13 Biology 2 (H)
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolutionary Adaption | an inherited characteristic that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce |
| descent with modification | Darwin's initial phrase for the general process of evolution |
| Natural selection | differential success in reproduction by different phenotypes resulting from interactions with the environment |
| artificial selection | selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable inherited traits in offspring |
| fossil | a preserved remnant or impression of an organism that once lived |
| fossil record | the chronicle of evolution over millions of years of geologic time engraved in the other in which fossils appear in rock strata |
| biogeography | the study of past and present distribution of species |
| comparative anatomy | the study of the body structures in different organisms |
| homologous structure | structures that are similar in different species of common ancestry |
| vestigal organs | organs or structures of marginal importance to an organism |
| analagous structures | structures that are similar to organisms that are not closely related |
| comparative embryology | the study of the formation, early growth, and development of different organisms |
| molecular biology | the study of the molecule basis of genes and gene expression |
| species | a group whose members possess similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed |
| population | a group of interacting individuals belonging to one species and living in the same geographic area |
| gene pool | all the genes in a population at any one time |
| Hardy-weinberg equilibrium | a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors |
| genetic drift | a change in the gene pool of a population due to chance |
| battleneck effect | genetic drift resulting from a drastic reduction in population size |
| founder effect | random change in the gene pool that occurs in a small colony of a population |
| gene flow | the gain or loss of alleles from a population by the movement of individuals or gametes into or out of the population |
| fitness | the contribution and individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation |
| stabilizing selection | natural selection that favors intermediate variants by acting against extreme phenotypes |
| directional selection | natural selection that acts against the relatively rare individuals at one end of a phenotypic range |
| disruptive selection | natural selection that favors extreme over intermediate phenotypes |
| sexual dimorphism | a special case of polymorphism based on the distinction between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females |
Created by:
Berni914
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