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Bio 12-1

Bio 12-1: DNA History and Structure

QuestionAnswer
What did Frederick Griffith want to know? how bacteria made people sick
What was Frederick Griffith's experiment? tested heat-killed virulent bacteria and avirulent bacteria on mouse
What was the outcome of Frederick Griffith's experiment? the heat-killed and avirulent bacteria combined killed the mouse
What did Frederick Griffith conclude? virulent bacteria passed disease-causing ability through transformation
What did Oswald Avery want to know? what makes transformation happen
What was Oswald Avery's experiment? tested heat-killed bacteria treated with different destroying enzymes
What was the outcome of Oswald Avery's experiment? transformation still happened except when the bacteria was treated with DNA-destroying enzyme --> mouse lived
What was Oswald Avery's conclusion? DNA stores + transmits genetic info from 1 generation to the next
What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase want to know? which part of bacteriophage (virus) enters bacteria cell; DNA or protein coat?
What was Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase's experiment? grew viruses in radioactive sulfur and phosphorus
What was the outcome of Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase's experiment? sulfur stuck to the protein coat and phosphorus stuck to the DNA
What was Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase's conclusion? DNA carries genetic information
What did Watson and Crick do? Discovered that DNA is double helix using models
What did Rosalind Franklin do? took x ray pictures of DNA that hinted DNA was a double helix with bases of even width
Chargaff's Rules: A bonds with T, G bonds with C, A and G are purines, C and G and pyrimidines,
Difference between purines and pyrimidines: Purines have 2 rings, pyrimidines have 1
What is a chromosome? molecule of DNA that is tightly coiled DNA wrapped around histones
What is a gene? a long segment of DNA that has the instructions for 1 protein
Created by: mhaq.16
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