Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phlebotomy 115
Phlebotomy 115 wk. 5 ch 10 & 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Indication for skin puncture | severe burns, obesity, point of care testing |
| Indications for skin puncture | Thrombotic tendencies, fragile veins, home testing |
| Indications for skin puncture | veins being used for therapy |
| composition of capillary blood | arterioles, venules, capillaries, intracellur & interstitial (tissue) fluids |
| skin puncture sites | central palmar surface of the 3rd and 4th finger of nondominant hand |
| order of microcollection | EDTA, additive tubes, nonadditive tubes |
| PCV | packed cell volume or microhematocrit |
| PCV | can be collected directly into a capillary tube containing heparin |
| skin puncture tests not to be used on... | blood cultures, coagulation studies, & erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) determinations |
| EMLA | emulsion of lidocaine & prilocaine |
| EMLA | local anesthetic used 1 hr prior to venipuncture or starting of IV |
| EMLA | penetrates both the epidermal & dermal layers |
| Latex sensitivity | children with spina bifida & congential urinary tract abnormalities or neurogenic bladders are particularly sensitive |
| puncturing deep veins in children | may cause cardiac arrest, hemorrhage, venous thrombosis, damage to surrounding tissue, & infection |
| skin puncture | collect hematology specimens first to minimize platelet clumping |
| skin puncture depth | 0.65-0.85 mm for premature neonates, 1.0mm for larger infants |
| excessive milking or squeezing | causes hemolysis & dilutes the blood w/ interstitial & intracellular fluid |
| skin puncture from central area of infant's heel | could cause injury to nerves, tendons, & cartilage |
| prewarming | is essential for drawing specimens for capillary blood gas analysis |
| complications from heel sticks | celluitis, osteomyelitis of the calcaneus, abscess formation, tissue loss, scarring of the heel, & calcified nodules |
| adhesive strips | shouldn't be used on neonates, their skin is fragile |
| phenylketonuria (PKU) | a congenital disorder, usually diagnosed @ birth, that can cause brain damage resulting in severe retardations, often w/ seizures & other neurologic abnormalities |
| other venipuncture sites | scalp vein, from IV lines |
| Neonatal screening | PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, glactosemia(GAL), biotinidase deficiency (BIO) |
| Neonatal screening | MSUD, homocystinuria (HCY), & congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) |
| Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) | an autosomal recessive metabolic disease involving defective metabolism of branched chain amino acids |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone & marrow, usually caused by infection |
| interventions to alleviate pain | EMLA & 12 to 24% oral sucrose mixture |
| capillary puncture | ALWAYS wipe away the 1st drop of blood |
| capillary blood tests | microhematocrit, hemoglobin, blood glucose, protimes or INR's, cholesterol screening, bilirubin monitoring on neonates |
| Heparin | can be used for microhematocrits |
| Aichmophobia | abnormally increased fear of needles, few cases of death have been reported |
| electrolytes | includes K+, Na+, CO2, & Cl- |
| proteins | albumins & globulins |
| total protein values | can provide info on hydration, nutrition, & liver function |
| minerals | Ca, P, Mg, & Fe |
| Ca & P | are necessary for good bone & tooth development |
| Fe | required for hemoglobin production |
| Creatinine | a metabolic product of creatine, a substance stored in muscle & used for energy |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| BUN | excess amino acids are converted to urea. High BUN levels indicate poor kidney function |
| Uric Acid | formed from the break down of nucleic acids & is excreted by the kidney |
| Liver enzymes | an increased LE generally means tissue destruction |
| Total bilirubin | a waste product which is removed by the liver & excreted in the bile |
| triglycerides | the main form of lipid storage in adults |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test-when testing for diabetes & hypoglycemia |
| fasting blood glucose | blood specimen is collected when a patient has been fasting for a specified period of time (usually 8-12 hours) |
| liver function | master maker of plasma proteins, important in lipid & carbohydrate metabolism |
| gout | a metabolic disorder caused by the formation of crystals of uric acid w/in the synovial fluid |
| Microscopic slides | spreader slide should be pushed @ a 30 degree angle |
| Microscopic slides | slides should air dry |
| Microscopic slides | should have a feathered edge |
| Causes of hemolysis | not removing residual alcohol @ puncture site |
| Causes of hemolysis | excessive milking or squeezing of the finger |
| Causes of hemolysis | excessive mixing of the specimen |
| Hazards of venipuncture in children | anemia, cardiac arrest, hemorrhage |
| Complications of venipuncture in children | venous thrombosis, reflex arteriospasm, gangrene of extremity, infections |
Created by:
smkit03
Popular Nursing sets