Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MedSurge-KIDNEY
MedSurge-KIDNEY INJURY/DISEASE review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prerenal, acute kidney injury(AKI) characteristics? | ↓ cardiac output, initial cause of most acute renal failure, hypovolemia, renal vascular obstruction, anaphylaxis |
| Intrarenal, acute kidney injury(AKI) characteristics? | tubular obstruction by myoglobin, nephrotic drugs, acute glomerulonephritis |
| Postrenal, acute kidney injury(AKI) characteristics? | mechanical outflow obstruction, prostate cancer, renal stones, bladder cancer |
| Acute tubular necrosis results primarily from? | renal ischemia and nephrotoxic injury & necrosis |
| Renal ischemia leads to acute tubular necrosis by disrupting the? | basement membrane |
| AKI, staging acronym? | RIFLE - Risk / Injury / Failure / Loss / End-Stage Kidney Disease |
| Reversal of oliguria occurs with fluid replacement in pt. with? | prerenal oliguria |
| Urine in prerenal oliguria content? | high specific gravity, low sodium concentration |
| Urine in intrarenal oliguria content? | low specific gravity, low high concentration |
| Urine specific gravity consistently 1.010 and osmolality @ 300 mOsm/kg is about the same as ___ and indicates _____? | plasma; tubules are damaged and unable to concentrate urine |
| Because the kidneys cannot synthesize ammonia needed to excrete H+, ____ ____ occurs. | metabolic acidosis |
| Characteristics of acute renal failure include? | urinary output of 3 - 5 L/day, ↓ Na+ / K+ levels, and fluid weight loss |
| S/S of AKI in the oliguric phase? | muscle weakness and abdominal cramping due to hyperkalemia, urine output @ 300mL/day, peripheral edema |
| Cardiac conduction abnormalities in oliguric phase include | peaked T waves, depressed ST segment, prolonged PR and QRS intervals |
| Most common cause of death in AKI is? | infection |
| During catabolism of body protein serum urea? | increases |
| Calcium-phosphorus imbalances in chronic kidney disease (CKD) results from? | deficiency of active VitD and high phosphorus levels |
| Calcium-phosphorus imbalances can lead to? | bone remodelling and weakened bone matrix |
| Aluminum accumulation is believed to contribute to? | osteomalacia |
| Osteitis fibrosis involves? | replacement of Ca in the bone with fibrous tissue, resulting from increased levels of parathyroid hormone from hypocalcemia |
| An appropriate snack for CKD? | hard candy |
| The syndrome that includes all S/S seen in various body systems in CKD is? | uremia |
| Azotemia is? | an elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels |
| Characteristics of hemodialysis? | requires vascular access, lowers serum triglycerides, intensified anemia, repaid fluid and creatinine loss |
| Characteristics of peritoneal dialysis? | increased hyperlipidemia, portable system, less cardio stress, more protein loss, fewer dietary restrictions |
| The dialysate for peritoneal dialysis contains? | dextrose in a higher concentration than in blood |
| Phases of peritoneal dialysis? | fill(inflow), dwell, drain |
| Temporary catheters vascular access site, characteristics? | usually used for access for continuous renal replacement therapy, most prone to infection |
| Native AV fistula, characteristics? | least likely to thrombose, 4 - 6 weeks healing time |
| Arteriovenous (AV) graft, characteristics? | 2 - 4 weeks healing time, may lead to distal ischemia |
| Evaluation of patency of an AV graft is performed by? | auscultating for the presence of bruits at the site |
| The most common indication for continuous renal replacement therapy is? | fluid overload |
| A major contraindication to kidney transplant is? | extensive vascular disease |
Created by:
fluency
Popular Nursing sets